Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
J Biomech. 2014 Jan 22;47(2):553-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.10.006. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
Time-dependent deformation of porcine skin was studied in vitro using specialized microprobe instruments. The deformation behavior of stratum corneum, dermis, and whole skin is examined in the context of results of creep strain, elastic stiffness, and viscoelastic constants obtained in terms of the hold time, loading/unloading rate, and maximum indentation depth (load). Skin time-dependent deformation is significantly influenced by dermis viscoelasticity up to a critical indentation depth (load) beyond which it is controlled by the outermost hard epidermis, particularly stratum corneum. Skin viscoelastic behavior under constant load (creep) and constant displacement (stress relaxation) is interpreted in the light of phenomenological observations and experimental trends.
采用专用微探针仪器研究了猪皮的时变变形。在恒定位移（应力松弛）和恒载荷（蠕变）下，根据保载时间、加载/卸载速率和最大压入深度（载荷），观察到的粘弹性常数、弹性刚度和蠕变应变结果，研究了角质层、真皮和全层皮肤的变形行为。真皮的粘弹性对皮肤的时变变形有显著影响，直至达到一个临界压入深度（载荷），超过这个深度后，由最外层的硬表皮（特别是角质层）控制。根据唯象观察和实验趋势，对皮肤在恒载荷（蠕变）和恒位移（应力松弛）下的粘弹性行为进行了解释。
