Gucciardi Daniel F, Jackson Ben, Hanton Sheldon, Reid Machar
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Australia; School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Australia.
School of Sport Science, Exercise, and Health, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2015 Jan;18(1):67-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.11.009. Epub 2013 Nov 28.
The purpose of this study was to examine motivational correlates of mentally tough behaviours among adolescent tennis players.
Two-phase study, involving the development of an informant-rated measure of mentally tough behaviours, followed by a cross-sectional survey including athlete and parent assessments of study variables.
In Phase One, 17 adult, high-performance tennis coaches and 20 athletes participated in focus group interviews. Four scholars with expertise in performance psychology also completed a short, online survey. In Phase Two, a total of 347 adolescent tennis players (nmales=184; nfemales=163) aged 12-18 years (M=13.93, SD=1.47) and one respective parent took part in this study. An online multisection survey containing dimensions of passion, inspiration, fear of failure, and mentally tough behaviours was completed. Athletes self-reported all motivational variables, whereas parents rated their child solely on mentally tough behaviours.
Structural equation modelling revealed that harmonious passion (β=.26, p<.01) and frequency of inspiration (β=.32, p<.001) were associated with significantly higher levels of mentally tough behaviours. In contrast, fear of failure (β=-.32, p<.001) and obsessive passion (β=-.15, p<.01) were inversely related to mentally tough behaviours. Inspiration intensity was not significantly associated with mentally tough behaviour (β=.13, p=.21).
Motivational variables that are dispositional in nature, contextualised and contingent upon features of the environment, and concern one's identity are important considerations for understanding mentally tough behaviours.
本研究旨在探讨青少年网球运动员心理韧性行为的动机相关因素。
两阶段研究，第一阶段开发一种由他人评定的心理韧性行为测量方法，第二阶段进行横断面调查，包括运动员和家长对研究变量的评估。
在第一阶段，17名成年高水平网球教练和20名运动员参与了焦点小组访谈。4名运动心理学专家也完成了一项简短的在线调查。在第二阶段，共有347名12至18岁（M = 13.93，SD = 1.47）的青少年网球运动员（男性184名；女性163名）及其各自的一位家长参与了本研究。完成了一项包含激情、灵感、对失败的恐惧和心理韧性行为维度的在线多部分调查。运动员自我报告所有动机变量，而家长仅对其孩子的心理韧性行为进行评分。
结构方程模型显示，和谐激情（β = 0.26，p <.01）和灵感频率（β = 0.32，p <.001）与显著更高水平的心理韧性行为相关。相反，对失败的恐惧（β = -0.32，p <.001）和强迫性激情（β = -0.15，p <.01）与心理韧性行为呈负相关。灵感强度与心理韧性行为无显著关联（β = 0.13，p = 0.21）。
本质上具有倾向性、与环境特征相关且取决于环境并涉及个人身份的动机变量，是理解心理韧性行为的重要考虑因素。
