Eleazu Chinedum Ogbonnaya, Eleazu Kate Chinedum, Chukwuma Sonia, Essien Udeme Nelson
Department of Biochemistry, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2013 Dec 23;12(1):60. doi: 10.1186/2251-6581-12-60.
Streptozotocin (STZ) (2-deoxy-2-({[methyl(nitroso)amino]carbonyl}amino)-β-D-glucopyranose) is a naturally occurring diabetogenic compound, produced by the soil bacterium streptomyces achromogenes, that exhibits broad spectrum of antibacterial properties. Streptozotocin functions as a DNA synthesis inhibitor in both bacterial and mammalian cells. In mammalian cells, the actual mechanism and metabolic targets of STZ toxicity that results in cell death is not known. This review identifies four key areas that explain the mechanism of the cytotoxicity of STZ in mammalian cell lines, investigates the practical aspects of using STZ in experimental animals and the potential risks of its exposure to human health.
链脲佐菌素（STZ）（2-脱氧-2-{[甲基（亚硝基）氨基]羰基}氨基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖）是一种天然存在的致糖尿病化合物，由土壤细菌产色链霉菌产生，具有广谱抗菌特性。链脲佐菌素在细菌和哺乳动物细胞中均作为DNA合成抑制剂发挥作用。在哺乳动物细胞中，导致细胞死亡的链脲佐菌素毒性的实际机制和代谢靶点尚不清楚。本综述确定了四个关键领域，解释了链脲佐菌素在哺乳动物细胞系中的细胞毒性机制，研究了在实验动物中使用链脲佐菌素的实际情况及其对人类健康潜在风险。
