Lien Lars, Welander-Vatn Audun
National Centre for Dual Diagnosis, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Sanderud, Norway and Faculty of Public health, Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway.
The Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2013 Dec 13;9:243-50. doi: 10.2174/1745017901309010243. eCollection 2013.
Bullying among adolescents represents a major public health challenge. The aim of this study was to map the stability of bullying victimization across the transitional phase from lower to upper secondary school, and to describe the sociodemographic, academic and health-related characteristics of those bullied during the transition.
3674 Norwegian adolescents were followed longitudinally from the age of 15/16 until the age of 18/19, answering questionnaires about health, academic achievements, life events, lifestyle and sociodemography. The 337 participants reporting exposure to bullying victimization at age 15/16 were the target group, as we made comparisons between those reporting victimization only at the age of 15/16 (n=289) with the participants for whom the bullying had continued into later adolescence (n = 48).
14% of those victimized at age 15/16, reported continuation of bullying victimization into upper secondary school. These adolescents were significantly more likely to report having divorced parents, low parental educational level, poor self-perceived economy, muscle and skeletal pain, symptoms of mental distress, lower school marks in Norwegian and higher body-mass index (BMI) when group differences at age 18/19 were assessed through basic inferential statistical tests. However, the multivariate logistic regression analyses only revealed statistically significantly increased adjusted odds ratios for the variables mental distress and school-marks in Norwegian.
The persistence of exposure to bullying from 10th grade to 13th grade is associated with mental health complaints and poor school performance. Preventive measures to take care of students being continuously bullied should be in place in secondary schools.
青少年欺凌是一项重大的公共卫生挑战。本研究的目的是描绘从初中到高中过渡阶段欺凌受害情况的稳定性，并描述在过渡期间遭受欺凌者的社会人口学、学业和健康相关特征。
对3674名挪威青少年从15/16岁开始进行纵向跟踪，直至18/19岁，让他们回答有关健康、学业成绩、生活事件、生活方式和社会人口学的问卷。报告在15/16岁时遭受欺凌的337名参与者为目标群体，因为我们对仅在15/16岁报告遭受欺凌的参与者（n = 289）与欺凌持续到青春期后期的参与者（n = 48）进行了比较。
在15/16岁时遭受欺凌的人中，14%报告在高中阶段仍持续遭受欺凌。当通过基本推断统计测试评估18/19岁时的组间差异时，这些青少年更有可能报告父母离异、父母教育水平低、自我感觉经济状况差、肌肉和骨骼疼痛、精神困扰症状、挪威语成绩较低以及体重指数（BMI）较高。然而，多变量逻辑回归分析仅显示精神困扰和挪威语成绩这两个变量的调整优势比在统计学上显著增加。
从十年级到十三年级持续遭受欺凌与心理健康问题和学业成绩差有关。中学应制定预防措施，照顾持续遭受欺凌的学生。
