Institute for Community Health Promotion, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2013 Dec 27;10:141. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-141.
Obesity among Black women continues to exceed that of other women. Most weight loss programs created without reference to specific cultural contexts are less effective for Black than White women. Weight control approaches accessible to Black women and adapted to relevant cultural contexts are important for addressing this problem. This paper reports the final results of SisterTalk, the randomized controlled trial of a cable TV weight control program oriented toward Black women.
A five group design included a comparison group and a 2 × 2 factorial comparison of a) interactive vs. passive programming and b) telephone social support vs no telephone support, with 12 weekly initial cable TV programs followed by 4 monthly booster videos. At baseline, 3, 8, and 12 months post randomization, telephone and in person surveys were administered on diet, physical activity, and physical measurements of height and weight were taken to calculate body mass index (BMI). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine differences over time, and between treatment and comparison groups. Dose variables reflecting use of the TV/video and written materials were also assessed.
At 3 months, BMI, weight, and dietary fat were significantly lower and physical activity significantly higher among women exposed to the Cable TV intervention compared to the wait-list comparison group. Significant dietary fat differences were still observed at 8 and 12 month evaluations, but not BMI or physical activity differences. Main effects were not observed for interactive programming or enhanced social support at any time point. Within the intervention group, higher watching of the TV series and higher reading of educational materials were both (separately) associated with significantly lower dietary fat.
Cable TV was an effective delivery channel to assist Black women with weight control, increasing physical activity and decreasing dietary fat during an initial intervention period, but only dietary changes persisted Enhanced social support and the ability to interact with others during the show were not effective complementary intervention components as conducted in this trial. Future research to strengthen the ability of this approach to achieve long term effects may offer even more promising outcomes.
黑人女性的肥胖问题仍然比其他女性严重。大多数没有参考特定文化背景而创建的减肥计划对黑人女性的效果不如白人女性。为了解决这个问题，对于黑人女性来说，能够接触到并适应相关文化背景的体重控制方法非常重要。本文报告了 SisterTalk 的最终结果，这是一项针对黑人女性的有线电视体重控制计划的随机对照试验。
采用五组设计，包括对照组和对 a) 互动与被动编程和 b) 电话社会支持与无电话支持的 2×2 析因比较，包括 12 个初始每周有线电视节目，然后是 4 个每月的助推器视频。在随机分组后的基线、3、8 和 12 个月时，通过电话和面对面调查评估饮食、身体活动以及身高和体重的身体测量值，以计算体重指数（BMI）。采用方差分析（ANOVA）来检查随时间的差异以及治疗组和对照组之间的差异。还评估了反映电视/视频和书面材料使用情况的剂量变量。
在 3 个月时，与等待名单对照组相比，暴露于有线电视干预组的女性 BMI、体重和饮食脂肪显著降低，身体活动显著增加。在 8 个月和 12 个月的评估中仍观察到饮食脂肪差异显著，但 BMI 或身体活动差异不显著。在任何时间点都没有观察到互动编程或增强社会支持的主要效果。在干预组内，更高的电视连续剧观看量和更高的教育材料阅读量都（单独）与饮食脂肪显著降低相关。
有线电视是一种有效的传播渠道，可以帮助黑人女性控制体重，在初始干预期间增加身体活动并减少饮食脂肪，但只有饮食变化持续存在，增强社会支持和在节目中与他人互动的能力在本试验中并不是有效的补充干预组成部分。未来的研究可能会增强这种方法实现长期效果的能力，从而提供更有希望的结果。
