评估茚虫威和氟虫腈（S）-甲氧普烯局部点涂制剂控制美国佛罗里达州坦帕私人住宅中自然感染跳蚤的犬猫群体。
Evaluation of indoxacarb and fipronil (s)-methoprene topical spot-on formulations to control flea populations in naturally infested dogs and cats in private residences in Tampa FL. USA.
机构信息
Dept, of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2013 Dec 28;6:366. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-366.
BACKGROUND
A study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two different spot-on topical flea products to control flea infestations on naturally infested dogs and cats in Tampa, FL USA.
METHODS
Thirty-two dogs and 3 cats with natural flea infestations living in 18 homes were treated topically with a 19.53% w/w spot-on formulation of indoxacarb. Another thirty dogs and 2 cats living in 19 different homes were treated topically with either fipronil (9.8% w/w)/(s)-methoprene (8.89% w/w) or fipronil (9.8% w/w)/(s)-methoprene (11.8% w/w), respectively. All products were applied according to label directions by study investigators on day 0 and again between days 28 and 30. Flea populations on pets were assessed using visual area counts and premise flea infestations were assessed using intermittent-light flea traps on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28-30, 40-45, and 54-60.
RESULTS
A single application of the indoxacarb or fipronil (s)-methoprene formulations reduced flea populations on pets by 97.8% and 85.5%, respectively within 7 days. One month (28-30 days) after treatment the indoxacarb and fipronil (s)-methoprene formulations reduced on-animal flea burdens by 95.0% and 49.5%, respectively. Following two monthly applications of either the indoxacarb or fipronil (s)-methoprene formulations, pet flea burdens were reduced by 99.1% and 54.8%, respectively, by days 54-60. At the end of the two month study, 77.1% and 15.6% of the dogs and cats in the indoxacarb and fipronil (s)-methoprene treatment groups, respectively were flea free. Flea numbers in the indoor-premises were markedly reduced in both treatment groups by days 54-60, with 97.7% and 84.6% reductions in intermittent-light flea trap counts in the indoxacarb and fipronil (s)-methoprene treatment groups, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
This in-home investigation conducted during the summer of 2013 in subtropical Tampa, FL, is the first published U.S field investigation of the indoxacarb topical formulation. The indoxacarb formulation was able to effectively control flea populations in heavily flea infested pets and homes. The efficacy achieved by the fipronil (s)-methoprene formulation against flea infestations on these pets was lower than in previous investigations using the same study design.
背景
本研究旨在评估和比较两种不同的局部用跳蚤产品在佛罗里达州坦帕市自然感染跳蚤的犬猫中的有效性。
方法
32 只犬和 3 只猫有自然的跳蚤感染，生活在 18 个家庭中，用 19.53%w/w 的局部用茚虫威制剂进行治疗。另 30 只犬和 2 只猫生活在 19 个不同的家庭中，分别用氟虫腈（9.8%w/w）/（s）-灭幼脲（8.89%w/w）或氟虫腈（9.8%w/w）/（s）-灭幼脲（11.8%w/w）进行局部治疗。所有产品均由研究人员根据标签说明于第 0 天和第 28-30 天进行两次给药。使用视觉区域计数评估宠物身上的跳蚤数量，使用间歇性光照跳蚤诱捕器评估房屋内的跳蚤感染情况，在第 0、7、14、21、28-30、40-45 和 54-60 天进行评估。
结果
在第 7 天内，单次应用茚虫威或氟虫腈（s）-灭幼脲制剂可将宠物身上的跳蚤数量减少 97.8%和 85.5%。治疗后 1 个月（28-30 天），茚虫威和氟虫腈（s）-灭幼脲制剂使动物身上的跳蚤负担分别减少了 95.0%和 49.5%。应用茚虫威或氟虫腈（s）-灭幼脲制剂每月两次后，第 54-60 天，宠物的跳蚤负担分别减少了 99.1%和 54.8%。在为期两个月的研究结束时，分别有 77.1%和 15.6%的犬和猫在茚虫威和氟虫腈（s）-灭幼脲治疗组中没有跳蚤。在第 54-60 天，两种治疗组的室内环境中的跳蚤数量都明显减少，在茚虫威和氟虫腈（s）-灭幼脲治疗组中，间歇性光照跳蚤诱捕器的计数分别减少了 97.7%和 84.6%。
结论
本研究是 2013 年夏季在亚热带坦帕市进行的首次在美国现场调查，评估了局部用茚虫威制剂。茚虫威制剂能够有效地控制重度感染跳蚤的宠物和家庭中的跳蚤种群。与使用相同研究设计的先前调查相比，氟虫腈（s）-灭幼脲制剂对这些宠物的跳蚤感染的疗效较低。
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