Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal.
Neuron. 2014 Jan 22;81(2):321-32. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.11.018. Epub 2013 Dec 26.
Transcriptional events involved in the development of human cerebral neocortex are poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the temporal dynamics and laterality of gene expression in human and macaque monkey neocortex. We found that interareal differences exhibit a temporal hourglass pattern, dividing the human neocortical development into three major phases. The first phase, corresponding to prenatal development, is characterized by the highest number of differential expressed genes among areas and gradient-like expression patterns, including those that are different between human and macaque. The second, preadolescent phase, is characterized by lesser interareal expression differences and by an increased synchronization of areal transcriptomes. During the third phase, from adolescence onward, differential expression among areas increases again driven predominantly by a subset of areas, without obvious gradient-like patterns. Analyses of left-right gene expression revealed population-level global symmetry throughout the fetal and postnatal time span. Thus, human neocortical topographic gene expression is temporally specified and globally symmetric.
人类大脑新皮层发育过程中的转录事件知之甚少。在这里，我们分析了人类和猕猴新皮层中基因表达的时间动态和偏侧性。我们发现，区域间差异呈现出时间沙漏模式，将人类新皮层的发育分为三个主要阶段。第一个阶段，对应于产前发育，是区域间差异表达基因数量最高的阶段，具有梯度样表达模式，包括人类和猕猴之间的差异。第二个阶段，青春期前阶段，以区域间表达差异较小和区域转录组的同步性增加为特征。在第三个阶段，从青春期开始，区域间的差异表达再次增加，主要由亚区域驱动，没有明显的梯度样模式。左右基因表达的分析表明，在整个胎儿和产后时间段内，人群水平的全局对称性。因此，人类新皮层的地形基因表达具有时间特异性和全局对称性。
