Al-Qutub Sulafa T, Al-Raddadi Rajaa M, Bin Sadiq Bakr M, Sait Wafa, Al-Gahmi Aboelkhair, Al-Amoudi Samia
aCommunity Medicine, Saudi Society for Public Health bResearch Department, Saudi Epidemiology Association cKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center dDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheikh Mohammed Hussein Al-Amoudi Center of Excellence in Breast Cancer, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2013 Dec;88(3):165-70. doi: 10.1097/01.EPX.0000435728.60811.bd.
The Saudi cancer registry reported in 2009 that the frequency of breast cancer is the highest among all types of cancer among Saudi women aged 30-59 years. The Makkah region had the second highest frequency of reported breast cancer cases, with patients having a median age of 46 years. The objectives of this study were to explore the distribution of selected known and hypothetically claimed breast cancer risk factors among Saudi women aged 19-50 years and describe the association of breast cancer with selected risk factors.
An unmatched case-control study was conducted on breast cancer cases at three different hospitals in Jeddah.
Online OpenEpi was used and the method of Kelsey and colleagues was selected from OpenEpi output; the calculated number of cases and controls was 134 each. Women aged 19-50 years were included and the analysis was conducted on 151 cases and 166 controls as they met the age inclusion criteria.
The mean age of patients was 40 years. A subgroup analysis for age at menarche less than 12 years showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.4 6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-2.44]. A high proportion of cases reported the use of exogenous estrogen and progesterone (OR=4.7, 95% CI 1.7-13.0), previous mammography screening (89% of cases vs. 11% of controls), and affected family members (4.6 vs. 1.8, OR=2.64 [95% CI 0.67-10.4]. The OR for exercise frequency in the study group was 1.45 (95% CI 0.90-2.35). The OR for breastfeeding among mothers who breast-fed for more than 12 months was 0.56 (95% CI 0.35-0.88).
This study provides information on associative factors such as early age at menarche (<12 years), monthly income of at least 20 000 SR (5333 USD), use of exogenous estrogen and progesterone, previous biopsies/surgeries, previous clinical breast examination and mammography screening, and affected family members. Protective factors among premenopausal women, such as breastfeeding and exercising, have been described. Conducting comprehensive sessions on breastfeeding and physical education targeting young generations is highly recommended in order to reduce the risk for breast cancer among Saudi women aged 19-50 years.
沙特癌症登记处2009年报告称，在30 - 59岁的沙特女性中，乳腺癌发病率在所有癌症类型中最高。麦加地区报告的乳腺癌病例频率位居第二，患者中位年龄为46岁。本研究的目的是探讨19 - 50岁沙特女性中选定的已知及假设的乳腺癌风险因素的分布情况，并描述乳腺癌与选定风险因素之间的关联。
在吉达的三家不同医院对乳腺癌病例进行了一项非匹配病例对照研究。
使用在线OpenEpi，并从OpenEpi输出结果中选择凯尔西及其同事的方法；计算得出病例和对照各134例。纳入19 - 50岁的女性，对符合年龄纳入标准的151例病例和166例对照进行分析。
患者的平均年龄为40岁。对初潮年龄小于12岁的亚组分析显示，优势比（OR）为1.46 [95%置信区间（CI）0.88 - 2.44]。高比例的病例报告使用过外源性雌激素和孕激素（OR = 4.7，95% CI 1.7 - 13.0）、既往接受过乳房X线筛查（89%的病例 vs. 11%的对照）以及有患癌家庭成员（4.6 vs. 1.8，OR = 2.64 [95% CI 0.67 - 10.4]）。研究组中运动频率的OR为1.45（95% CI 0.90 - 2.35）。母乳喂养超过12个月的母亲中，母乳喂养的OR为0.56（95% CI 0.35 - 0.88）。
本研究提供了关于初潮年龄早（<12岁）、月收入至少20000沙特里亚尔（5333美元）、使用外源性雌激素和孕激素、既往活检/手术、既往临床乳房检查和乳房X线筛查以及有患癌家庭成员等关联因素的信息。描述了绝经前女性中的保护因素，如母乳喂养和运动。强烈建议针对年轻一代开展关于母乳喂养和体育教育的综合课程，以降低19 - 50岁沙特女性患乳腺癌的风险。
