Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box: 7067, Makkah, 21955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Nov 21;19(1):1554. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7942-3.
There are various factors that play a major role in influencing the overall health conditions of women diagnosed with breast cancer. The population of women in Makkah region are diverse, therefore it is significant to highlight the possible determinants of breast cancer in this population. This is a case-control study that assessed determinants of breast cancer including socioeconomic factors, health-related characteristics, menstrual histories and breastfeeding among postmenopausal women in Makkah region in Saudi Arabia.
A total of 432 female participants (214 cases and 218 controls) were recruited for this study. A validated questionnaire was completed by trained dietitians at King Abdullah Medical City Hospital in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia.
Results displayed that determinants of breast cancer were associated significantly (P < 0.05) with unemployment, large family size, lack of knowledge and awareness about breast cancer, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, starting menarche at an early age, as well as hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive use. There was no effect of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and duration of breastfeeding on the incidence of breast cancer.
In summary, the results of this study accentuate the possible effect of socioeconomic factors, health-related characteristics and menstrual history on the incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women in the Makkah region. Education programs should be applied to increase breast cancer awareness and possibly decrease its incidence.
有许多因素在影响乳腺癌患者的整体健康状况方面起着重要作用。麦加地区的女性群体多样化，因此，强调该人群中乳腺癌的可能决定因素具有重要意义。这是一项病例对照研究，评估了包括社会经济因素、与健康相关的特征、月经史和哺乳期在内的决定因素对沙特阿拉伯麦加地区绝经后妇女乳腺癌的影响。
本研究共招募了 432 名女性参与者（214 例病例和 218 例对照）。在沙特阿拉伯麦加地区的阿卜杜拉国王医疗城医院，由经过培训的营养师使用经过验证的问卷对参与者进行调查。
结果显示，乳腺癌的决定因素与失业、大家庭规模、缺乏对乳腺癌的知识和认识、肥胖、久坐不动的生活方式、吸烟、初潮年龄较早以及激素和非激素避孕药的使用显著相关（P<0.05）。糖尿病、高血压、高血脂以及哺乳期长短对乳腺癌的发病率没有影响。
总之，本研究的结果强调了社会经济因素、与健康相关的特征和月经史对麦加地区绝经后妇女乳腺癌发病率的可能影响。应该实施教育计划来提高对乳腺癌的认识，从而可能降低其发病率。
