Tao Lu, Wai-Kay Seto, Ran-Xu Zhu, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Dec 21;19(47):8887-94. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i47.8887.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with the majority of cases associated with persistent infection from hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Natural history studies have identified risk factors associated with HCC development among chronic HBV and HCV infection. High-risk infected individuals can now be identified by the usage of risk predictive scores. Vaccination plays a central role in the prevention of HBV-related HCC. Treatment of chronic HBV infection, especially by nucleoside analogue therapy, could also reduce the risk of HBV-related HCC. Concerning HCV infection, besides the advocation of universal precautions to reduce the rate of infection, pegylated interferon and ribavirin could also reduce the risk of HCV-related HCC among those achieving a sustained virologic response. Recently there has been mounting evidence on the role of chemopreventive agents in reducing HBV- and HCV-related HCC. The continued advances in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of HCC would hold promise in preventing this highly lethal cancer.
肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，大多数病例与乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 或丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 的持续感染有关。自然史研究已经确定了与慢性 HBV 和 HCV 感染相关的 HCC 发展的危险因素。现在可以通过使用风险预测评分来识别高危感染个体。疫苗接种在预防 HBV 相关 HCC 方面起着核心作用。治疗慢性 HBV 感染，特别是通过核苷类似物治疗，也可以降低 HBV 相关 HCC 的风险。关于 HCV 感染，除了倡导普遍预防措施以降低感染率外，聚乙二醇干扰素和利巴韦林也可以降低那些获得持续病毒学应答的 HCV 相关 HCC 的风险。最近有越来越多的证据表明化学预防剂在降低 HBV 和 HCV 相关 HCC 中的作用。对 HCC 分子发病机制的深入了解将有望预防这种高度致命的癌症。
