与饮食失调和进食障碍诊断相关的不健康运动的定义特征。
Defining Features of Unhealthy Exercise Associated with Disordered Eating and Eating Disorder Diagnoses.
作者信息
Holland Lauren A, Brown Tiffany A, Keel Pamela K
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call St. Tallahassee, FL, USA, 32306.
出版信息
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2014 Jan 1;15(1). doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.10.005.
OBJECTIVES
The current study sought to compare different features of unhealthy exercise on associations with disordered eating and their ability to identify individuals with eating disorders. A secondary aim of the study was to compare prevalence and overlap of different aspects of unhealthy exercise and potential differences in their gender distribution.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional epidemiological study.
METHODS
A community-based sample of men (n=592) and women (n=1468) completed surveys of health and eating patterns, including questions regarding exercise habits and eating disorder symptoms.
RESULTS
Compulsive and compensatory features of exercise were the best predictors of disordered eating and eating disorder diagnoses compared to exercise that was excessive in quantity. Further, compulsive and compensatory aspects of unhealthy exercise represented overlapping, yet distinct qualities in both men and women.
CONCLUSIONS
Including the compulsive quality among the defining features of unhealthy exercise may improve identification of eating disorders, particularly in men. Results suggest that the compensatory aspect of unhealthy exercise is not adequately captured by the compulsive aspect of unhealthy exercise. Thus, interventions that target unhealthy exercise behaviors among high-risk individuals, such as athletes, may benefit from addressing both the compulsive and compensatory aspects of unhealthy exercise. Future prospective longitudinal studies will aid in determining the direction of the association between these features of unhealthy exercise and the onset of eating pathology.
目的
本研究旨在比较不良运动在与饮食失调的关联方面的不同特征，以及它们识别饮食失调个体的能力。该研究的第二个目的是比较不良运动不同方面的患病率和重叠情况，以及它们在性别分布上的潜在差异。
设计
横断面流行病学研究。
方法
以社区为基础，对男性（n = 592）和女性（n = 1468）进行抽样，让他们完成健康和饮食模式调查，包括有关运动习惯和饮食失调症状的问题。
结果
与运动量过大的运动相比，运动的强迫性和补偿性特征是饮食失调和饮食失调诊断的最佳预测指标。此外，不良运动的强迫性和补偿性方面在男性和女性中都表现出重叠但又不同的特质。
结论
将强迫性特质纳入不良运动的定义特征中，可能会改善对饮食失调的识别，尤其是在男性中。结果表明，不良运动的补偿性方面不能被不良运动的强迫性方面充分涵盖。因此，针对高风险个体（如运动员）的不良运动行为的干预措施，可能会从同时解决不良运动的强迫性和补偿性方面中受益。未来的前瞻性纵向研究将有助于确定不良运动的这些特征与饮食病理学发作之间关联的方向。
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