Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2014 Mar;27(1):47-55. doi: 10.1177/0891988713516543. Epub 2014 Jan 5.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and Alzheimer disease (AD) are major public health burdens associated with aging. As the age of the population rapidly increases, a sheer increase in the incidence of these diseases is expected. Research has identified T2D as a risk factor for cognitive impairment and potentially AD, but the neurobiological pathways that are affected are only beginning to be understood. The rapid advances in neuroimaging in the past decade have added significant understanding to how T2D affects brain structure and function and possibly lead to AD. This article provides a review of studies that have utilized structural and functional neuroimaging to identify neural pathways that link T2D to impaired cognitive performance and potentially AD. A primary focus of this article is the potential for neuroimaging to assist in understanding the mechanistic pathways that may provide translational opportunities for clinical intervention.
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）是与老龄化相关的主要公共卫生负担。随着人口年龄的迅速增长，预计这些疾病的发病率将大幅上升。研究已经确定 T2DM 是认知障碍和潜在 AD 的一个危险因素，但受影响的神经生物学途径才刚刚开始被理解。在过去十年中，神经影像学的快速发展极大地增加了我们对 T2DM 如何影响大脑结构和功能并可能导致 AD 的理解。本文综述了利用结构和功能神经影像学来确定将 T2DM 与认知表现受损和潜在 AD 联系起来的神经通路的研究。本文的主要重点是神经影像学在帮助理解可能为临床干预提供转化机会的机制途径方面的潜力。
