Tian H G, Nan Y, Hu G, Dong Q N, Yang X L
Tianjin Municipal Institute of Food Safety Control and Inspection, Tianjin, China.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 1996 Dec;5(4):229-32.
A survey was carried out to assess the food pattern and of nutrient intakes of 15-64 year old Chinese in Tianjin.
The survey was randomised and the diet assessed by weighing household food items and by individual food records over 3 consecutive days.
The survey was carried out in Tianjin; the third largest city in China (population about 8 million).
A random stratified multi-level cluster sampling technique was used. Of the 5233 eligible subjects, 207 dropped out, and the response rate was 96%.
Distinct differences in dietary patterns and nutrient intakes were found between subjects living in urban and rural areas. The diet of urban people was richer in fat and high quality protein compared with that of rural people. Energy intake from fat was about 31% in the urban diet and about 21% in the rural diet. Low intakes of vitamin A, riboflavin, calcium and zinc were found in both areas, with the situation being worse in the rural areas. Sodium intake was found to be high in both areas. Cholesterol intake was much higher among urban people.
The present survey revealed that the intake of some nutrients was lower than recommended and that total sodium intake was very high in Tianjin. An integrated nutrition intervention program would appear necessary for such a population.
开展一项调查以评估天津15至64岁中国人的饮食模式和营养摄入情况。
该调查采用随机抽样，通过称量家庭食物以及连续3天记录个人食物摄入情况来评估饮食。
调查在天津进行，天津是中国第三大城市（人口约800万）。
采用随机分层多级整群抽样技术。在5233名符合条件的对象中，207人退出，应答率为96%。
发现城乡居民在饮食模式和营养摄入方面存在明显差异。与农村居民相比，城市居民的饮食中脂肪和优质蛋白质含量更高。城市饮食中来自脂肪的能量摄入约为31%，农村饮食中约为21%。两个地区都存在维生素A、核黄素、钙和锌摄入量低的情况，农村地区更严重。两个地区的钠摄入量都很高。城市居民的胆固醇摄入量要高得多。
本次调查显示，天津某些营养素的摄入量低于推荐水平，且总钠摄入量非常高。对这类人群而言，似乎有必要实施综合营养干预计划。
