Luft S, Pignalosa D, Nasonova E, Arrizabalaga O, Helm A, Durante M, Ritter S
Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany; Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia.
Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2014 Jan 15;760:56-63. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.12.004. Epub 2014 Jan 5.
The risk of radiation exposure during embryonic development is still a major problem in radiotoxicology. In this study we investigated the response of the murine embryonic stem cell (mESC) line D3 to two radiation qualities: sparsely ionizing X-rays and densely ionizing carbon ions. We analyzed clonogenic cell survival, proliferation, induction of chromosome aberrations as well as the capability of cells to differentiate to beating cardiomyocytes up to 3 days after exposure. Our results show that, for all endpoints investigated, carbon ions are more effective than X-rays at the same radiation dose. Additionally, in long term studies (≥8 days post-irradiation) chromosomal damage and the pluripotency state were investigated. These studies reveal that pluripotency markers are present in the progeny of cells surviving the exposure to both radiation types. However, only in the progeny of X-ray exposed cells the aberration frequency was comparable to that of the control population, while the progeny of carbon ion irradiated cells harbored significantly more aberrations than the control, generally translocations. We conclude that cells surviving the radiation exposure maintain pluripotency but may carry stable chromosomal rearrangements after densely ionizing radiation.
胚胎发育期间的辐射暴露风险仍是放射毒理学中的一个主要问题。在本研究中，我们调查了小鼠胚胎干细胞（mESC）系D3对两种辐射性质的反应：低电离X射线和高电离碳离子。我们分析了克隆形成细胞存活、增殖、染色体畸变的诱导以及细胞在暴露后长达3天分化为跳动心肌细胞的能力。我们的结果表明，对于所有研究的终点，在相同辐射剂量下碳离子比X射线更有效。此外，在长期研究（照射后≥8天）中，研究了染色体损伤和多能性状态。这些研究表明，在暴露于两种辐射类型后存活的细胞后代中存在多能性标记。然而，只有在X射线照射细胞的后代中，畸变频率与对照群体相当，而碳离子照射细胞的后代比对照携带明显更多的畸变，通常是易位。我们得出结论，辐射暴露后存活的细胞保持多能性，但在高电离辐射后可能携带稳定的染色体重排。
