Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute for Health, Genetics and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2014 Jan 6;9(1):e84684. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084684. eCollection 2014.
Iron deficiency is common during pregnancy. Experimental animal studies suggest that it increases cardiovascular risk in the offspring.
To examine the relationship between maternal pregnancy dietary and supplement iron intake and hemoglobin, with offspring's arterial stiffness (measured by carotid-radial pulse wave velocity), endothelial function (measured by brachial artery flow mediated dilatation), blood pressure, and adiposity (measured by body mass index), test for mediation by cord ferritin, birth weight, gestational age, and child dietary iron intake, and for effect modification by maternal vitamin C intake and offspring sex.
Prospective data from 2958 mothers and children pairs at 10 years of age enrolled in an English birth cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study for Parents and Children (ALSPAC), was analysed.
2639 (89.2%) mothers reported dietary iron intake in pregnancy below the UK reference nutrient intake of 14.8 mg/day. 1328 (44.9%) reported taking iron supplements, and 129 (4.4%) were anemic by 18 weeks gestation. No associations were observed apart from maternal iron intake from supplements with offspring systolic blood pressure (-0.8 mmHg, 99% CI -1.7 to 0, P = 0.01 in the sample with all relevant data observed, and -0.7 mmHg, 99% CI -1.3 to 0, P = 0.008 in the sample with missing data imputed).
There was no evidence of association between maternal pregnancy dietary iron intake, or maternal hemoglobin concentration (which is less likely to be biased by subjective reporting) with offspring outcomes. There was a modest inverse association between maternal iron supplement intake during pregnancy with offspring systolic blood pressure at 10 years.
怀孕期间铁缺乏很常见。实验动物研究表明，它会增加后代的心血管风险。
研究母体妊娠饮食和补充铁摄入量与血红蛋白与后代动脉僵硬度（通过颈动脉-桡动脉脉搏波速度测量）、内皮功能（通过肱动脉血流介导的扩张测量）、血压和肥胖（通过身体质量指数测量）之间的关系，检测脐带铁蛋白、出生体重、胎龄和儿童饮食铁摄入量的中介作用，并检测母体维生素 C 摄入量和后代性别对其的影响修饰作用。
对参加英国阿冯纵向父母和儿童研究（ALSPAC）的 2958 对母亲和 10 岁儿童进行前瞻性数据分析。
2639 名（89.2%）母亲报告在妊娠期间的饮食铁摄入量低于英国参考营养素摄入量 14.8 毫克/天。1328 名（44.9%）报告服用铁补充剂，129 名（4.4%）在 18 周妊娠时贫血。除了母体补充铁摄入与后代收缩压之间的关系外，没有观察到其他关系（在所有观察到的相关数据的样本中，差异为-0.8 毫米汞柱，99%置信区间为-1.7 至 0，P=0.01；在缺失数据推断的样本中，差异为-0.7 毫米汞柱，99%置信区间为-1.3 至 0，P=0.008）。
母体妊娠饮食铁摄入量或母体血红蛋白浓度（受主观报告影响较小）与后代结局之间没有证据表明存在关联。妊娠期间母体补充铁剂与 10 岁时后代收缩压呈适度负相关。
