Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Yongin 448-701, Republic of Korea.
Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2013 Nov;21(6):423-34. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.085.
The adoption of oligonucleotide aptamer is well on the rise, serving an ever increasing demand for versatility in biomedical field. Through the SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment), aptamer that can bind to specific target with high affinity and specificity can be obtained. Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acid molecules that can fold into complex threedimensional structures, forming binding pockets and clefts for the specific recognition and tight binding of any given molecular target. Recently, aptamers have attracted much attention because they not only have all of the advantages of antibodies, but also have unique merits such as thermal stability, ease of synthesis, reversibility, and little immunogenicity. The advent of novel technologies is revolutionizing aptamer applications. Aptamers can be easily modified by various chemical reactions to introduce functional groups and/or nucleotide extensions. They can also be conjugated to therapeutic molecules such as drugs, drug containing carriers, toxins, or photosensitizers. Here, we discuss new SELEX strategies and stabilization methods as well as applications in drug delivery and molecular imaging.
寡核苷酸适体的应用正在兴起，为生物医学领域对多功能性的需求提供了越来越多的选择。通过 SELEX（指数富集的配体系统进化）技术，可以获得能够与特定靶标高亲和力和特异性结合的适体。适体是单链核酸分子，可以折叠成复杂的三维结构，形成结合口袋和裂缝，用于特定识别和紧密结合任何给定的分子靶标。最近，适体引起了广泛关注，因为它们不仅具有抗体的所有优点，而且具有独特的优点，如热稳定性、易于合成、可逆性和低免疫原性。新技术的出现正在彻底改变适体的应用。适体可以通过各种化学反应轻松修饰，引入功能基团和/或核苷酸延伸。它们还可以与治疗分子如药物、载药载体、毒素或光敏剂结合。在这里，我们讨论了新的 SELEX 策略和稳定方法，以及在药物输送和分子成像中的应用。
