From the Departments of Neurology (D.K.S., T.T., I.N., M.A.) and Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics (T.M., K.F.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Neurology (D.C., F.M.d.H.J., S.L.A.-P., R.F.S., A.M.M.L.), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil; CIEM MS Research Center (M.A.L.-P., N.T.), Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Neuroimmunology Group (P.J.W., M.I.L.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, UK.
Neurology. 2014 Feb 11;82(6):474-81. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000101. Epub 2014 Jan 10.
To evaluate clinical features among patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) who have myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies, aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies, or seronegativity for both antibodies.
Sera from patients diagnosed with NMOSD in 1 of 3 centers (2 sites in Brazil and 1 site in Japan) were tested for MOG and AQP4 antibodies using cell-based assays with live transfected cells.
Among the 215 patients with NMOSD, 7.4% (16/215) were positive for MOG antibodies and 64.7% (139/215) were positive for AQP4 antibodies. No patients were positive for both antibodies. Patients with MOG antibodies represented 21.1% (16/76) of the patients negative for AQP4 antibodies. Compared with patients with AQP4 antibodies or patients who were seronegative, patients with MOG antibodies were more frequently male, had a more restricted phenotype (optic nerve more than spinal cord), more frequently had bilateral simultaneous optic neuritis, more often had a single attack, had spinal cord lesions distributed in the lower portion of the spinal cord, and usually demonstrated better functional recovery after an attack.
Patients with NMOSD with MOG antibodies have distinct clinical features, fewer attacks, and better recovery than patients with AQP4 antibodies or patients seronegative for both antibodies.
评估视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD）患者中存在髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白（MOG）抗体、水通道蛋白-4（AQP4）抗体或两者均为阴性的患者的临床特征。
使用活转染细胞的细胞基础测定法，对来自 3 个中心（巴西的 2 个地点和日本的 1 个地点）诊断为 NMOSD 的患者的血清进行 MOG 和 AQP4 抗体检测。
在 215 例 NMOSD 患者中，7.4%（16/215）为 MOG 抗体阳性，64.7%（139/215）为 AQP4 抗体阳性。没有患者同时存在两种抗体。MOG 抗体阳性的患者占 AQP4 抗体阴性患者的 21.1%（16/76）。与 AQP4 抗体阳性或两种抗体均为阴性的患者相比，MOG 抗体阳性的患者更常见于男性，表现为更局限的表型（视神经比脊髓更常见），更常出现双侧同时性视神经炎，更常发生单次发作，脊髓病变分布在脊髓下部，且通常在发作后具有更好的功能恢复。
与 AQP4 抗体阳性或两种抗体均为阴性的患者相比，NMOSD 患者伴 MOG 抗体具有独特的临床特征，发作次数更少，恢复更好。
