Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
J Environ Radioact. 2014 Apr;130:33-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.12.006. Epub 2014 Jan 11.
The capability of the International Monitoring System (IMS) to detect xenon from underground nuclear explosions is dependent on the radioactive xenon background. Adding to the background, medical isotope production (MIP) by fission releases several important xenon isotopes including xenon-133 and iodine-133 that decays to xenon-133. The amount of xenon released from these facilities may be equivalent to or exceed that released from an underground nuclear explosion. Thus the release of gaseous fission products within days of irradiation makes it difficult to distinguish MIP emissions from a nuclear explosion. In addition, recent shortages in molybdenum-99 have created interest and investment opportunities to design and build new MIP facilities in the United States and throughout the world. Due to the potential increase in the number of MIP facilities, a discussion of abatement technologies provides insight into how the problem of emission control from MIP facilities can be tackled. A review of practices is provided to delineate methods useful for abatement of medical isotopes.
国际监测系统（IMS）探测地下核爆炸产生氙气的能力取决于氙气的放射性本底。此外，医用同位素生产（MIP）通过裂变会释放几种重要的氙同位素，包括氙-133 和碘-133，它们衰变生成氙-133。这些设施释放的氙气量可能与地下核爆炸相当，甚至超过核爆炸。因此，辐照后几天内气态裂变产物的释放，使得难以将医用同位素生产设施的排放与核爆炸区分开来。此外，由于钼-99 的短缺，在美国乃至全球，设计和建造新的医用同位素生产设施的兴趣和投资机会增加。由于医用同位素生产设施数量可能增加，因此讨论减排技术可以深入了解如何解决医用同位素生产设施排放控制的问题。本文提供了对实践的回顾，以说明用于减少医用同位素的方法。
