aDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences bDepartment of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences cThe Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
J Hypertens. 2014 Feb;32(2):236-44. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000031.
Prehypertension is a known risk factor for hypertension in individuals aged less than 20 or more than 35 years, but no large studies have investigated this risk in individuals aged 20-34 years. This study investigated progression to hypertension in nonhypertensive individuals aged 20-34 years and compared this group with individuals aged 35-64 years.
A total of 12,639 nonhypertensive individuals aged 20-64 years were followed from 1999 to 2008. Hazard ratios for progression to hypertension were calculated for men and women according to three blood pressure (BP) categories (optimal BP: <120/80 mmHg; normal BP: 120-129/80-84 mmHg; high-normal BP: 130-139/85-89 mmHg) and three age groups (20-34, 35-49 and 50-64 years).
Progression to hypertension occurred in 4617 individuals (36.5%). The risk of progression to hypertension increased significantly with increasing baseline BP category in men and women in all age groups. The association between baseline BP and progression to hypertension was stronger in the group aged 20-34 years than in the older age groups, especially in men.
The results of this study confirm that normal or high-normal BP increases the risk of progression to hypertension in individuals aged 20-34 years. In men, the association between baseline BP and progression to hypertension is stronger in this age group than in older age groups. Health providers should be aware that normal or high-normal BP is a risk factor for progression to hypertension even in individuals aged 20-34 years.
在年龄小于 20 岁或大于 35 岁的个体中，血压前期是高血压的已知危险因素，但没有大型研究调查过年龄在 20-34 岁的个体的这种风险。本研究调查了年龄在 20-34 岁的非高血压个体向高血压的进展情况，并将该组与年龄在 35-64 岁的个体进行了比较。
共有 12639 名年龄在 20-64 岁的非高血压个体从 1999 年至 2008 年进行了随访。根据三个血压（BP）类别（理想 BP：<120/80mmHg；正常 BP：120-129/80-84mmHg；高正常 BP：130-139/85-89mmHg）和三个年龄组（20-34 岁、35-49 岁和 50-64 岁），计算了男性和女性进展为高血压的风险比。
共有 4617 名个体（36.5%）进展为高血压。在所有年龄组的男性和女性中，随着基线 BP 类别的增加，进展为高血压的风险显著增加。在 20-34 岁年龄组中，BP 与进展为高血压之间的相关性比在年龄较大的年龄组中更强，尤其是在男性中。
本研究结果证实，正常或高正常 BP 会增加 20-34 岁个体进展为高血压的风险。在男性中，与基线 BP 与进展为高血压之间的关联在该年龄组比在年龄较大的年龄组更强。医疗保健提供者应意识到，即使在年龄在 20-34 岁的个体中，正常或高正常 BP 也是进展为高血压的一个危险因素。
