采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析油楠（Schleichera oleosa（Lour）Oken）、苏木（Butea monosperma（Lam）Taub.）和蜜枣（Ziziphus mauritiana（Lam））的韧皮部汁液和胭脂虫（Kerria lacca（Kerr））的血淋巴。
"Phloem sap analysis of Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken, Butea monosperma (Lam) Taub. and Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam) and hemolymph of Kerria lacca (Kerr) using HPLC and tandem mass spectrometry".
机构信息
Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India ; Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021 India.
Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021 India.
出版信息
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2013 Oct;19(4):537-45. doi: 10.1007/s12298-013-0194-2.
Females of lac insects especially of Kerria lacca (Kerr) secret a resin known as lac for their own protection, which has tremendous applications. Lac insect completes its lifecycle on several host taxa where it exclusively feeds on phloem sap but Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, Butea monosperma (Lam.) and Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam.) are its major hosts. Analysis of phloem sap constituents as well as hemolymph of lac insect is important because it ultimately gets converted into lac by insect intervention. Main phloem sap constituent's viz. sugars and free amino acids and hemolymph of lac insect were analyzed using HPLC and tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The results were transformed to relative percentage of the total sugars and free amino acids analyzed in each sample for comparison among lac insect hemolymph and the phloem sap of the three different host taxa. Sucrose (58.9 ± 3.6-85.6 ± 0.9) and trehalose (62.3 ± 0.4) were the predominant sugars in phloem sap of three taxa and hemolymph of lac insect, respectively. Glutamic acid (33.1 ± 1.4-39.8 ± 1.4) was found to be main amino acid among the phloem sap of three taxa while tyrosine (61 ± 2.6) was the major amino acid in hemolymph of lac insect. The relative percentage of non-essential amino acids (60.8 %-69.9 %) was found to be more in all the three host taxa while essential amino acids (30.1 %-35.4 %) were present at a lower relative percentage. In contrast to this, the relative percentage of essential amino acids (81.9 %) was observed to be higher as compared to non-essential amino acids (17.7 %) in lac insect hemolymph. These results led to the detection of lac insect's endosymbionts. Moreover, this study revealed a clue regarding the importance of development of a synthetic diet for this insect so that a precise pathway of lac biosynthesis could be investigated for thorough understanding.
紫胶虫的雌性个体，尤其是紫胶蚧（Kerr），为了自身的保护而分泌一种名为紫胶的树脂，这种树脂具有巨大的应用价值。紫胶虫在多个宿主分类群上完成其生命周期，它专门以韧皮部汁液为食，但印榕、木豆和余甘子是其主要宿主。分析紫胶虫的韧皮部汁液成分以及血淋巴成分非常重要，因为这些汁液最终会通过昆虫的干预转化为紫胶。使用高效液相色谱和串联质谱法分别分析了主要韧皮部汁液成分（即糖和游离氨基酸）和紫胶虫的血淋巴。将结果转换为每个样品中总糖和游离氨基酸的相对百分比，以便比较紫胶虫血淋巴和三种不同宿主分类群的韧皮部汁液。蔗糖（58.9±3.6-85.6±0.9）和海藻糖（62.3±0.4）是三种宿主分类群韧皮部汁液以及紫胶虫血淋巴中的主要糖分。谷氨酸（33.1±1.4-39.8±1.4）是三种宿主分类群韧皮部汁液中的主要氨基酸，而酪氨酸（61±2.6）是紫胶虫血淋巴中的主要氨基酸。非必需氨基酸（60.8%-69.9%）的相对百分比在所有三种宿主分类群中都较高，而必需氨基酸（30.1%-35.4%）的相对百分比较低。与此相反，紫胶虫血淋巴中的必需氨基酸（81.9%）的相对百分比高于非必需氨基酸（17.7%），这一结果导致了对紫胶虫共生体的检测。此外，这项研究揭示了为这种昆虫开发合成饮食的重要性，以便能够深入了解紫胶生物合成的精确途径。
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