Ehrlich Kethy, Boström Anne-Marie, Mazaheri Monir, Heikkilä Kristiina, Emami Azita
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2015 Mar;10(1):27-37. doi: 10.1111/opn.12044. Epub 2014 Jan 17.
This study aimed to describe and compare urban and rural family caregivers' reactions to caring for a relative with dementia and to examine the associations between caregiving and socio-demographic factors.
Most studies on family caregivers' experiences caring for older people with dementia have been conducted in urban areas, and little is known about the experiences of family caregivers living in rural areas.
A cross-sectional study design was used.
A total of 102 caregivers (response rate 85%) from urban (n=57) and rural (n=46) areas completed the Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) Scale and demographic information. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and linear regression models.
Overall, family caregivers reported high satisfaction even if they also reported high impact on finances and daily living. Rural caregivers experienced a higher negative impact on finances but reported more support from family members than urban caregivers. Age, gender and relationship were significantly associated with four of the five CRA subscales. Educational level and geographical setting were not associated with any of the CRA subscales.
The results of the study raise questions about the financial situation of older female caregivers and on the expectations of built-in family structures in urban and rural areas. Further studies focusing on the meaning and constitution of a family would help us to understand how these factors influence family caregiving both in rural and urban areas.
To provide person-centred care and to avoid stereotyped caregiving, a better picture of traditions in family caregiving can improve a more differentiated and appropriate professional caregiving pliable with the cultural context in which it is carried out.
本研究旨在描述和比较城市与农村家庭照顾者对照顾痴呆亲属的反应，并探讨照顾与社会人口学因素之间的关联。
大多数关于家庭照顾者照顾老年痴呆患者经历的研究都在城市地区开展，而对于农村地区家庭照顾者的经历了解甚少。
采用横断面研究设计。
来自城市（n = 57）和农村（n = 46）地区的102名照顾者（回复率85%）完成了照顾者反应评估（CRA）量表和人口统计学信息。使用描述性和推断性统计以及线性回归模型对数据进行分析。
总体而言，家庭照顾者即使表示对财务和日常生活有很大影响，仍报告了较高的满意度。农村照顾者在财务方面受到的负面影响更大，但与城市照顾者相比，他们得到家庭成员的支持更多。年龄、性别和关系与CRA五个子量表中的四个显著相关。教育水平和地理环境与任何CRA子量表均无关联。
研究结果引发了对老年女性照顾者财务状况以及城乡地区家庭固有结构期望的质疑。进一步关注家庭意义和构成的研究将有助于我们理解这些因素如何影响城乡地区的家庭照顾。
为了提供以人为本的护理并避免刻板的照顾方式，更好地了解家庭照顾传统可以改善更具差异化且适合其实施文化背景的专业照顾方式。
