Lazou Thomai, Dovas Chrysostomos, Houf Kurt, Soultos Nikolaos, Iossifidou Eleni
1 Laboratory of Hygiene of Foods of Animal Origin, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh) , Thessaloniki, Greece .
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2014 Apr;11(4):320-8. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2013.1678. Epub 2014 Jan 17.
The presence, genetic diversity, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Campylobacter spp. in retail lamb and goat kid carcasses were assessed. A total of 200 samples consisting of 100 meat and 100 liver surface swabs were collected from 47 lamb and 53 goat kid carcasses at 23 retail markets in Northern Greece, and 125 Campylobacter isolates were recovered from 32 meat surfaces (32%) and 44 liver surfaces (44%). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis specified Campylobacter coli as the most frequently detected species (59.2%) followed by C. jejuni (40.8%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was applied in order to typify a subset of randomly selected isolates (n=80). SmaI-PFGE successfully clustered the 80 isolates in 38 SmaI-PFGE types, indicating high heterogeneity among the analyzed Campylobacter isolates, and provided data regarding the dissemination of Camplobacter among carcasses stored in the same retail market. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Campylobacter isolates, assessed by the disk-diffusion method, indicated that 31 isolates (24.8%) were multidrug resistant, and the most common profile was the concurrent resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin. Overall, 56.8% of isolates (n=71, multidrug-resistant isolates included) exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial (tetracycline 34.4%, quinolones 27.2%, and streptomycin 20.8%). However, all isolates were susceptible to erythromycin and gentamicin. The findings of this study verify the contamination of retail lamb and goat kid carcasses with a heterogeneous population of thermotolerant campylobacters. These data underscore the fact that retail meat and liver of small ruminants could serve as vehicles for consumer contamination with Campylobacter and that further investigation is necessary in order to evaluate the risk imposed by such products within the epidemiology of human campylobacteriosis cases.
对零售羊肉和小山羊胴体中弯曲杆菌属的存在情况、遗传多样性及抗菌药物敏感性进行了评估。从希腊北部23个零售市场的47只羔羊和53只小山羊胴体中，共采集了200份样本，包括100份肉样和100份肝脏表面拭子，从32个肉表面（32%）和44个肝脏表面（44%）分离出125株弯曲杆菌。多重聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性分析确定空肠弯曲杆菌是最常检测到的菌种（59.2%），其次是结肠弯曲杆菌（40.8%）。应用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）对随机选择的一部分分离株（n=80）进行分型。SmaI-PFGE成功地将80株分离株聚类为38种SmaI-PFGE型，表明所分析的弯曲杆菌分离株具有高度异质性，并提供了弯曲杆菌在同一零售市场储存的胴体间传播的数据。采用纸片扩散法评估弯曲杆菌分离株的抗菌药物敏感性，结果表明31株（24.8%）为多重耐药，最常见的耐药谱是对四环素和链霉素同时耐药。总体而言，56.8%的分离株（n=71，包括多重耐药分离株）对至少一种抗菌药物耐药（四环素34.4%、喹诺酮类27.2%、链霉素20.8%）。然而，所有分离株对红霉素和庆大霉素敏感。本研究结果证实零售羊肉和小山羊胴体被耐热弯曲杆菌的异质菌群污染。这些数据强调了这样一个事实，即小反刍动物的零售肉和肝脏可能成为消费者被弯曲杆菌污染的载体，并且有必要进一步调查，以评估此类产品在人类弯曲杆菌病病例流行病学中所带来的风险。
