Gilbert Rachael C, Chandrasekaran Bharath, Smiljanic Rajka
Department of Linguistics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712.
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2014 Jan;135(1):389-99. doi: 10.1121/1.4838975.
This study investigated the extent to which noise impacts normal-hearing young adults' speech processing of sentences that vary in intelligibility. Intelligibility and recognition memory in noise were examined for conversational and clear speech sentences recorded in quiet (quiet speech, QS) and in response to the environmental noise (noise-adapted speech, NAS). Results showed that (1) increased intelligibility through conversational-to-clear speech modifications led to improved recognition memory and (2) NAS presented a more naturalistic speech adaptation to noise compared to QS, leading to more accurate word recognition and enhanced sentence recognition memory. These results demonstrate that acoustic-phonetic modifications implemented in listener-oriented speech enhance speech-in-noise processing beyond word recognition. Effortful speech processing in challenging listening environments can thus be improved by speaking style adaptations on the part of the talker. In addition to enhanced intelligibility, a substantial improvement in recognition memory can be achieved through speaker adaptations to the environment and to the listener when in adverse conditions.
本研究调查了噪声对听力正常的年轻成年人处理不同清晰度句子的言语加工的影响程度。研究考察了在安静环境中录制的对话式和清晰语音句子（安静语音，QS）以及对环境噪声的响应（噪声适应语音，NAS）在噪声中的清晰度和识别记忆。结果表明：（1）从对话式语音到清晰语音的修改提高了清晰度，从而改善了识别记忆；（2）与QS相比，NAS呈现出对噪声更自然的语音适应，导致更准确的单词识别和增强的句子识别记忆。这些结果表明，以听众为导向的语音中实施的声学语音修改增强了噪声中的言语加工，超出了单词识别。因此，在具有挑战性的聆听环境中，说话者通过调整说话风格可以改善费力的言语加工。除了提高清晰度外，在不利条件下，说话者通过适应环境和听众，还可以显著提高识别记忆。
