运动控制策略和疲劳对高尔夫推杆表现的影响。

Motor control strategies and the effects of fatigue on golf putting performance.

机构信息

School of Sport, University of Stirling Stirling, UK.

School of Psychological Sciences and Health, Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Strathclyde Glasgow, UK.

出版信息

Front Psychol. 2014 Jan 13;4:1005. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.01005.

Abstract

This study investigated the strategies used by elite golfers to scale their putting actions to achieve putts of different distances. There were three aims; to determine if putting actions are scaled by manipulating swing amplitude as predicted by Craig etal. (2000), to establish the test-retest reliability of the Craig et al. model, and to evaluate whether elite golfers changed their putting scaling strategies when fatigued. Putting actions were recorded at baseline (time 1) and 6 months later (time 2) and after walking at 70% of maximum heart rate for 1 h (time 3). Participants performed a total of 80 putts which varied in distance (1 m, 2 m, 3 m, and 4 m) at time 1 and time 2, and 100 putts to the same distances when they were fatigued (time 3). Multiple regression was used to examine how the golfers systematically changed the movement control variables in the Craig etal. (2000) model to achieve golf putts of different distances. Although swing amplitude was a strong predictor of putterhead velocity at ball impact for all of the participants at baseline (time 1), each golfer systematically changed aspects of the timing of their action. A comparison of the regression models between time 1 and time 2 showed no significant changes in the scaling strategies used, indicating that the Craig etal. (2000) model had good test-retest reliability. Fatigue was associated with a decrease in the number of putts that were successfully holed and significant changes in the scaling strategies used by three of the golfers, along with a trend for increasing the putterhead velocity at ball impact. These motor control changes in performance when fatigued were evident in successful putts indicating that even when these elite golfers were able to achieve the goal of holing the putt, moderate levels of fatigue were influencing the consistency of their performance. Theoretical implications for the Craig etal. (2000) model and practical implications for elite golfers are discussed.

摘要

本研究调查了精英高尔夫球手用于调整推杆动作以达到不同距离推杆的策略。本研究有三个目的:确定推杆动作是否通过操纵摆动幅度来进行缩放,正如 Craig 等人(2000 年)所预测的那样;确定 Craig 等人的模型的测试-再测试可靠性;以及评估精英高尔夫球手在疲劳时是否改变了他们的推杆缩放策略。在基线(时间 1)和 6 个月后(时间 2)以及以 70%最大心率行走 1 小时后(时间 3)记录推杆动作。参与者在时间 1 和时间 2 总共进行了 80 次距离为 1 米、2 米、3 米和 4 米的推杆,在疲劳时(时间 3)进行了 100 次相同距离的推杆。多元回归用于检查高尔夫球手如何系统地改变 Craig 等人(2000 年)模型中的运动控制变量以达到不同距离的高尔夫推杆。尽管在基线时(时间 1),所有参与者的挥杆幅度都是推杆头速度在球撞击时的强预测因子,但每个高尔夫球手都系统地改变了他们动作的时间方面。对时间 1 和时间 2 之间的回归模型进行比较,发现使用的缩放策略没有明显变化,这表明 Craig 等人(2000 年)模型具有良好的测试-再测试可靠性。疲劳与成功进洞的推杆次数减少以及三名高尔夫球手使用的缩放策略发生显著变化有关,同时推杆头速度在球撞击时呈增加趋势。这些疲劳时的性能控制变化在成功的推杆中显而易见,表明即使这些精英高尔夫球手能够达到进洞的目标,中等程度的疲劳也在影响他们表现的一致性。对 Craig 等人(2000 年)模型的理论意义和对精英高尔夫球手的实际意义进行了讨论。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8ae6/3888943/adaaadb184f4/fpsyg-04-01005-g001.jpg

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索