Mathers John F, Grealy Madeleine A
School of Sport, University of Stirling Stirling, UK.
School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde Glasgow, UK.
Front Psychol. 2016 Aug 31;7:1246. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01246. eCollection 2016.
This study investigated the effect of increased core temperature on the performance outcome and movement kinematics of elite golfers during a golf putting task. The study aimed to examine individual differences in the extent to which increased temperature influenced the rate of putting success, whether increased temperature speeded up the timing of the putting downswing and whether elite golfers changed their movement kinematics during times of thermal stress. Six participants performed 20 putts to each of four putt distances (1, 2, 3, and 4 m) under normal temperature conditions and when core body temperature was increased. There was no significant difference in the number of successful putts between the two temperature conditions, but there was an increase in putterhead velocity at ball impact on successful putts to distances of 1 and 4 m when temperature was elevated. This reflected an increase in swing amplitude rather than a reduction in swing duration as hypothesized. There were individual differences in the motor control response to thermal stress as three of the golfers changed the kinematic parameters used to scale their putting movements to achieve putts of different distances at elevated temperatures. Theoretical implications for these findings and the practical implications for elite golfers and future research are discussed.
本研究调查了在高尔夫推杆任务中，核心体温升高对精英高尔夫球手的表现结果和运动学的影响。该研究旨在检验体温升高对推杆成功率影响程度的个体差异，体温升高是否加快了推杆下挥杆的时间，以及精英高尔夫球手在热应激期间是否会改变他们的运动学。六名参与者在正常体温条件下以及核心体温升高时，对四个推杆距离（1米、2米、3米和4米）分别进行20次推杆。两种体温条件下成功推杆的次数没有显著差异，但当体温升高时，在1米和4米距离的成功推杆中，击球时球杆头速度有所增加。这反映出挥杆幅度的增加，而不是如假设那样挥杆持续时间的减少。对热应激的运动控制反应存在个体差异，因为三名高尔夫球手在体温升高时改变了用于调整推杆动作以实现不同距离推杆的运动学参数。文中讨论了这些发现的理论意义以及对精英高尔夫球手和未来研究的实际意义。
