Iskra-Caruana Marie-Line, Chabannes Matthieu, Duroy Pierre-Olivier, Muller Emmanuelle
CIRAD, UMR BGPI, F-34098 Montpellier, France.
CIRAD, UMR BGPI, F-34098 Montpellier, France.
Virus Res. 2014 Jun 24;186:155-62. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Jan 20.
Outbreaks of Banana streak virus (BSV) have been recorded worldwide where Musa spp. is grown during the last 20 years with no convincing evidence of epidemics. Epidemics were previously reported in Uganda where BSV is currently endemic. BSV is a plant pararetrovirus of the family Caulimoviridae, genus Badnavirus it causes chlorosis leaf streak disease. The information currently available on banana streak disease makes it possible to identify a complex of distinct BSV species each causing the same disease. BSV exists in two states: one as an episomal form, infecting plant cells; the other as viral DNA integrated within the B genome of banana (endogenous BSV-eBSV) forming a viral genome for de novo viral particles. Both forms can be infectious in banana plants. The BSV phylogeny is polyphyletic with BSV distributed in two clades. Clade 1 clusters BSV species that occur worldwide and may have an eBSV counterpart, whereas Clade 3 only comprises BSV species from Uganda. Clearly, two distinct origins explain such BSV diversity. However, the epidemiology/outbreaks of BSV remains unclear and the role of eBSV needs to be clarified. In this review, the biodiversity of BSV is explained and discussed in the light of field and molecular epidemiology data. A scheme is proposed for the co-evolution of BSV and banana based on old or recent infection hypotheses related to African domestication sites and banana dissemination to explain the disease context.
在过去20年里，在全球种植香蕉属植物的地区都有香蕉条纹病毒（BSV）爆发的记录，但没有确凿的流行证据。此前在乌干达曾有过疫情报告，目前BSV在该国呈地方流行状态。BSV是花椰菜花叶病毒科杆状DNA病毒属的一种植物类逆转录病毒，可引发褪绿叶片条纹病。目前有关香蕉条纹病的信息使得识别一系列不同的BSV物种成为可能，这些物种都会引发同一种疾病。BSV以两种状态存在：一种是游离形式，感染植物细胞；另一种是整合在香蕉B基因组内的病毒DNA（内源性BSV - eBSV），形成用于从头合成病毒粒子的病毒基因组。这两种形式在香蕉植株中都具有传染性。BSV的系统发育是多系的，BSV分布在两个进化枝中。进化枝1聚集了在全球范围内出现且可能有eBSV对应物的BSV物种，而进化枝3仅包含来自乌干达的BSV物种。显然，两种不同的起源解释了这种BSV的多样性。然而，BSV的流行病学/爆发情况仍不清楚，eBSV的作用需要阐明。在这篇综述中，根据田间和分子流行病学数据对BSV的生物多样性进行了解释和讨论。基于与非洲驯化地点和香蕉传播相关的旧感染或新感染假说，提出了一个BSV与香蕉共同进化的方案，以解释疾病背景。
