Park Eun Young, Lim Min Kyung, Yang Wonho, Yun E Hwa, Oh Jin-Kyoung, Jeong Bo Yoon, Hong Soon Yeoul, Lee Do-Hoon, Tamplin Steve
National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea E-mail :
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(12):7725-30. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7725.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure inside selected public places to provide basic data for the development and promotion of smoke-free policies.
Between March and May 2009, an SHS exposure survey was conducted. PM2.5 levels and air nicotine concentrations were measured in hospitals (n=5), government buildings (4), restaurants (10) and entertainment venues (10) in Seoul, Republic of Korea, using a common protocol. Field researchers completed an observational questionnaire to document evidence of active smoking (the smell of cigarette smoke, presence of cigarette butts and witnessing people smoking) and administered a questionnaire regarding building characteristics and smoking policy.
Indoor PM2.5 levels and air nicotine concentrations were relatively higher in monitoring sites where smoking is not prohibited by law. Entertainment venues had the highest values of PM2.5(μg/m3) and air nicotine concentration(μg/m3), which were 7.6 and 67.9 fold higher than those of hospitals, respectively, where the values were the lowest. When evidence of active smoking was present, the mean PM2.5 level was 104.9 μg/m3, i.e., more than 4-fold the level determined by the World Health Organization for 24-hr exposure (25 μg/m3). Mean indoor air nicotine concentration at monitoring sites with evidence of active smoking was 59-fold higher than at sites without this evidence (2.94 μg/m3 vs. 0.05 μg/m3). The results were similar at all specific monitoring sites except restaurants, where mean indoor PM2.5 levels did not differ at sites with and without active smoking evidence and indoor air nicotine concentrations were higher in sites without evidence of smoking.
Nicotine was detected in most of our monitoring sites, including those where smoking is prohibited by law, such as hospitals, demonstrating that enforcement and compliance with current smoke-free policies in Korea is not adequate to protect against SHS exposure.
本研究旨在评估特定公共场所内的二手烟暴露情况，为制定和推广无烟政策提供基础数据。
2009年3月至5月期间，开展了一项二手烟暴露调查。采用通用方案，在韩国首尔的医院（n = 5）、政府大楼（4座）、餐厅（10家）和娱乐场所（10家）测量了PM2.5水平和空气中尼古丁浓度。现场研究人员完成了一份观察问卷，记录主动吸烟的证据（香烟烟雾气味、烟头的存在以及目睹人们吸烟），并发放了一份关于建筑特征和吸烟政策的问卷。
在法律不禁止吸烟的监测场所，室内PM2.5水平和空气中尼古丁浓度相对较高。娱乐场所的PM2.5（μg/m3）和空气中尼古丁浓度（μg/m3）值最高，分别比医院（最低值所在场所）高7.6倍和67.9倍。当存在主动吸烟证据时，PM2.5平均水平为104.9 μg/m3，即超过世界卫生组织规定的24小时暴露水平（25 μg/m3）的4倍。有主动吸烟证据的监测场所室内空气中尼古丁平均浓度比无此证据的场所高5
