Voos Amelia C, Kranz Stefan, Tonndorf-Martini Silke, Voelpel Andrea, Sigusch Holger, Staudte Henrike, Albrecht Volker, Sigusch Bernd W
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der alten Post 4, 07743, Jena, Germany.
Lasers Surg Med. 2014 Mar;46(3):235-43. doi: 10.1002/lsm.22217. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
The increasing resistance of oral pathogens against antibiotic measures urgently requires new therapeutic strategies. In this context, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may play a crucial part in the future. The aim of the present study was to compare the antibacterial efficiency of aPDT using the photosensitizer safranine O with that of chlorhexidine (0.2% CHX) on an ex vivo biofilm.
First the antibacterial activity of both measures against planktonic cultures of Streptococcus gordonii ATCC 33399, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 10953, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 33384 and Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 was observed. Then a patient specific ex vivo biofilm was established from plaque and saliva samples of patients (n = 19) with chronic periodontitis. The antibacterial effects of aPDT and of 0.2% CHX were determined on the ex vivo biofilms cultivated for 24 and 72 hours. After cultivation of the treated samples on blood agar (2 days) the results were quantified by counting the colony forming units (cfu/ml).
Photodynamic treatment with safranine O showed a distinct antibacterial effect on F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis. Whereas S. gordonii was suppressed completely by aPDT, treatment with 0.2% CHX caused only a partial reduction. In the ex vivo biofilm model (24-hour biofilm), aPDT caused a significantly higher bacterial killing than treatment with 0.2% CHX. Compared to the untreated control, there was no significant difference on the 72-hour biofilm for both methods.
The results show that oral-pathogenic species in planktonic solution can be suppressed significantly by aPDT with safranine O. Especially for bacteria in a 24-hour ex vivo biofilm, this method is more effective than treatment with 0.2% CHX. Both antibacterial treatments did not show any significant effect on the biofilm cultivated for 72 hours.
口腔病原体对抗生素治疗的耐药性不断增加，迫切需要新的治疗策略。在此背景下，抗菌光动力疗法（aPDT）可能在未来发挥关键作用。本研究的目的是比较使用光敏剂番红O的aPDT与洗必泰（0.2% CHX）对离体生物膜的抗菌效果。
首先观察两种方法对戈登链球菌ATCC 33399、变形链球菌ATCC 25175、具核梭杆菌ATCC 10953、伴放线聚集杆菌ATCC 33384和牙龈卟啉单胞菌ATCC 33277浮游菌培养物的抗菌活性。然后从慢性牙周炎患者（n = 19）的菌斑和唾液样本中建立患者特异性离体生物膜。测定aPDT和0.2% CHX对培养24小时和72小时的离体生物膜的抗菌效果。将处理后的样本接种在血琼脂上培养（2天）后，通过计数菌落形成单位（cfu/ml）对结果进行量化。
番红O光动力治疗对具核梭杆菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌显示出明显的抗菌作用。aPDT可完全抑制戈登链球菌，而0.2% CHX处理仅导致部分减少。在离体生物膜模型（24小时生物膜）中，aPDT比0.2% CHX处理导致更高的细菌杀灭率。与未处理的对照相比，两种方法在72小时生物膜上没有显著差异。
结果表明，番红O介导的aPDT可显著抑制浮游溶液中的口腔致病菌种。特别是对于24小时离体生物膜中的细菌，该方法比0.2% CHX处理更有效。两种抗菌处理对培养72小时的生物膜均未显示出任何显著效果。
