Forslund Kristoffer, Sunagawa Shinichi, Coelho Luis P, Bork Peer
Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Bioessays. 2014 Mar;36(3):316-29. doi: 10.1002/bies.201300143. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
We show how metagenomic analysis of the human gut antibiotic resistome, compared across large populations and against environmental or agricultural resistomes, suggests a strong anthropogenic cause behind increasing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. This area has been the subject of intense and polarized debate driven by economic and political concerns; therefore such recently available insights address an important need. We derive and compare antibiotic resistomes of human gut microbes from 832 individuals from ten different countries. We observe and describe significant differences between samples from these countries in the gut resistance potential, in line with expectations from antibiotic usage and exposure in medical and food production contexts. Our results imply roles for both of these sources in increased resistance among pathogens in recent history. In contrast, other available metadata such as age, body mass index, sex, or health status have little effect on the antibiotic resistance potential of human gut microbes. Also watch the Video Abstract.
我们展示了如何通过对人类肠道抗生素耐药组进行宏基因组分析，并在大量人群中进行比较，以及与环境或农业耐药组进行对比，结果表明细菌中抗生素耐药性增加背后存在强烈的人为因素。由于经济和政治因素，该领域一直是激烈且两极分化辩论的主题；因此，这些最近获得的见解满足了一项重要需求。我们从来自十个不同国家的832个人中获取并比较了人类肠道微生物的抗生素耐药组。我们观察并描述了这些国家样本在肠道耐药潜力方面的显著差异，这与医学和食品生产环境中抗生素使用及接触情况的预期相符。我们的结果表明，在近代历史中，这两种来源在病原体耐药性增加方面都起到了作用。相比之下，其他可用的元数据，如年龄、体重指数、性别或健康状况，对人类肠道微生物的抗生素耐药潜力影响很小。另请观看视频摘要。
