Koc Serife, Esin Melek Nihal
Author Affiliations: Public Health Nursing Department, School of Health, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman (Ms Koc), and Public Health Nursing Department, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University (Dr Esin), Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.
Cancer Nurs. 2014 Nov-Dec;37(6):E51-60. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000121.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers. Family history is an important risk factor; first-degree relatives (FDRs) are most at risk. Studies are needed to determine the screening behavior of FDRs and factors affecting their health behaviors.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the screening behaviors, health beliefs, and related factors of FDRs (parent, sibling, or child) of CRC patients undergoing treatment.
A cross-sectional design was used with 400 FDRs of patients undergoing treatment at 2 hospitals in Turkey. Data were collected using the Colorectal Cancer Risk Questionnaire and the Turkish Colorectal Cancer Health Belief Model Scale.
A slight majority of the participants were male (51.3%), with a mean of age 37.7 years. The rate of having at least 1 colonoscopy in FDRs was 22.2%. First-degree relatives reported high perceived confidence-benefits scores on average (mean, 48.4 ± 5.2) and high perceived barrier scores on average (mean, 15.5 ± 3.8). Health motivation of FDRs was the strongest predictor of their having a colonoscopy (odds ratio, 7.50; 95% confidence interval, 3.40-16.5).
First-degree relatives have a low rate of having a colonoscopy but are more likely to have had this procedure if they have strong health motivation.
Nurses working with CRC patients must develop strategies to increase FDRs' knowledge of, awareness of, and motivation for CRC screening tests. Risk counseling of FDRs during the treatment period might increase screening rates.
结直肠癌（CRC）是最常见的癌症之一。家族史是一个重要的风险因素；一级亲属（FDRs）风险最高。需要开展研究以确定FDRs的筛查行为以及影响其健康行为的因素。
本研究旨在调查接受治疗的CRC患者的FDRs（父母、兄弟姐妹或子女）的筛查行为、健康信念及相关因素。
采用横断面设计，对土耳其两家医院接受治疗的患者的400名FDRs进行研究。使用结直肠癌风险问卷和土耳其结直肠癌健康信念模型量表收集数据。
略超过半数的参与者为男性（51.3%），平均年龄为37.7岁。FDRs中至少进行过1次结肠镜检查的比例为22.2%。一级亲属报告的平均感知信心-益处得分较高（均值为48.4±5.2），平均感知障碍得分也较高（均值为15.5±3.8）。FDRs的健康动机是其进行结肠镜检查的最强预测因素（比值比为7.50；95%置信区间为3.40 - 16.5）。
一级亲属进行结肠镜检查的比例较低，但如果他们有强烈的健康动机，则更有可能接受过该检查。
为CRC患者提供护理的护士必须制定策略，以增加FDRs对CRC筛查测试的了解、认识和动机。在治疗期间对FDRs进行风险咨询可能会提高筛查率。
