Manchala S Reddy, Vandana K L, Mandalapu N B, Mannem S, Dwarakanath C D
Department of Periodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, WGDT, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2012 Jul;2(2):69-74. doi: 10.4103/2231-0762.109374.
Gingival recession (GR) is a common manifestation in most populations, and is considered as an early sign of periodontal disease. GR is an intriguing condition where various factors play an important role in its etiology. Only few studies have been undertaken to assess the prevalence and risk factors for GR in patients visiting dental hospitals. The aim of this study is not only to estimate prevalence, severity, and extent of GR in hospital population, of Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, but also to assess the potential risk factors for the same.
In this study, 2837 patients were examined of which 627 were included into the study. The age range was 16-80 years. Subjects were interviewed using a structural questionnaire, and full mouth clinical examination was done to assess recession.
Of all subjects examined 45.6%, 16.2% of individuals and 13%, 4.8% of teeth per individual showed GR >3 mm. Prevalence and severity of recession was correlated with age. Recession was present but recession threshold ≥3 and ≥5 mm affected only small percentage of teeth in subjects younger than 45 years. Mandibular incisors showed the highest prevalence of GR ≥1 mm with 61% of teeth being affected. Smoking and presence of supragingival calculus were most significantly associated localized and generalized recession.
Prevalence of periodontal disease is high among this population based on the presence of gingival recession in most the individuals. High prevalence of GR is significantly associated with supragingival calculus and smoking habits. This suggests a need to improve their periodontal condition through education, motivation, and improving their periodontal health.
牙龈退缩（GR）在大多数人群中是一种常见表现，被视为牙周疾病的早期迹象。GR是一种复杂的情况，多种因素在其病因中起重要作用。仅有少数研究对到牙科医院就诊的患者中GR的患病率和危险因素进行了评估。本研究的目的不仅是估计印度安得拉邦比马瓦拉姆毗湿奴牙科学院医院人群中GR的患病率、严重程度和范围，还评估其潜在危险因素。
本研究检查了2837名患者，其中627名被纳入研究。年龄范围为16 - 80岁。使用结构化问卷对受试者进行访谈，并进行全口临床检查以评估牙龈退缩情况。
在所有接受检查的受试者中，45.6%的个体、16.2%的个体以及每人13%、4.8%的牙齿牙龈退缩>3 mm。牙龈退缩的患病率和严重程度与年龄相关。牙龈退缩存在，但退缩阈值≥3 mm和≥5 mm仅影响45岁以下受试者中一小部分牙齿。下颌切牙牙龈退缩≥1 mm的患病率最高，61%的牙齿受影响。吸烟和龈上牙石的存在与局限性和广泛性牙龈退缩最显著相关。
基于大多数个体存在牙龈退缩，该人群中牙周疾病的患病率较高。牙龈退缩的高患病率与龈上牙石和吸烟习惯显著相关。这表明需要通过教育、激励和改善牙周健康来改善他们的牙周状况。
