Sun Zhaoqing, Zheng Liqiang, Zhang Xingang, Li Jue, Hu Dayi, Sun Yingxian
Division of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.
Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
PLoS One. 2014 Jan 29;9(1):e86867. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086867. eCollection 2014.
This study was conducted to examine the differences in the incidence of hypertension and associated risk factors between Mongolian and Han populations in northeast China.
A population-based sample of 4753 Mongolian subjects and 20,247 Han subjects aged ≥ 35 years and free from hypertension at baseline were followed from 2004-2006 to 2010. Incident hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or current use of antihypertensive medication.
During mean 4.3 years follow-up, a total of 8779 individuals developed hypertension. The age-adjusted incidence of hypertension for Mongolian subjects was 12.64 per 100 person-years, for Han subjects was 9.77 per 100 person-years (P<0.05). The incidence of hypertension was positively correlated with age, physical activity, drinking, body mass index (BMI), family of hypertension and prehypertension in the Han population. In the Mongolian population, hypertension was positively correlated with age, physical activity, education level, drinking, BMI, prehypertension and family history of hypertension. The rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension for newly developed cases among both Han and Mongolian populations were low. (36.5% vs. 42.3%, 13.1% vs. 18.2%, 0.7% vs. 1.3%, P<0.05, respectively).
The incidence rate of hypertension is higher in the Mongolian populations than that in the Han populations, and hypertension in both ethnic populations was associated with similar risk factors. Our results suggest that most newly-diagnosed cases of hypertension are not adequately treated. Improvements in hypertension prevention and control programs in rural China are urgently needed.
本研究旨在探讨中国东北地区蒙古族和汉族人群高血压发病率及相关危险因素的差异。
以人群为基础，选取了4753名蒙古族受试者和20247名汉族受试者，年龄均≥35岁，基线时无高血压，于2004年至2006年随访至2010年。新发高血压定义为收缩压≥140 mmHg、舒张压≥90 mmHg或正在使用降压药物。
在平均4.3年的随访期间，共有8779人患上高血压。蒙古族受试者年龄调整后的高血压发病率为每100人年12.64例，汉族受试者为每100人年9.77例（P<0.05）。汉族人群中，高血压发病率与年龄、体力活动、饮酒、体重指数（BMI）、高血压家族史和高血压前期呈正相关。在蒙古族人群中，高血压与年龄、体力活动、教育程度、饮酒、BMI、高血压前期和高血压家族史呈正相关。汉族和蒙古族人群中新发高血压病例的知晓率、治疗率和控制率均较低。（分别为36.5%对42.3%、13.1%对18.2%、0.7%对1.3%，P<0.05）。
蒙古族人群高血压发病率高于汉族人群，且两个民族的高血压均与相似的危险因素相关。我们的结果表明，大多数新诊断的高血压病例未得到充分治疗。中国农村地区迫切需要改进高血压预防和控制项目。
