Vinokhodova A G, Boritko Ia S, Chekalina A I, Gushchin V I, Dudukin A V
Aviakosm Ekolog Med. 2013 Sep-Oct;47(5):16-21.
One of the prioritized objectives of psychophysiological support for long-duration space missions is to strengthen professional reliability of cosmonauts. Operator's reliability is dependent as on skillfulness, so individual work style. PILOT-1 and VIRTU methods were used to study individual psychological characteristics and operator's strategy during project MARS500. The established two individual work styles (IWSs), i.e. control and search, reflect different types of reacting to stress. Combined analysis of these data and results of the "Mirror coordinograph" test showed invariance of IWSs no matter whether a task is complicated or simple. Operators demonstrating the "control" strategy are characterized by high initial mobilization readiness. Their reliability demands great physiological resources (high "cost"). Initial mobilization and physiological "cost" are lower in operators demonstrating the "search" work style. Dependent on the level of mobilization and motivation, their efficacy, in terms of quality and reliability specifically, is unstable in nature.
长期太空任务心理生理支持的优先目标之一是增强宇航员的职业可靠性。操作员的可靠性既取决于技能，也取决于个人工作方式。在“火星500”项目期间，采用了PILOT-1和VIRTU方法来研究个体心理特征和操作员策略。所确定的两种个体工作方式，即控制型和探索型，反映了对压力的不同反应类型。对这些数据与“镜像坐标仪”测试结果的综合分析表明，无论任务复杂与否，个体工作方式具有不变性。表现出“控制”策略的操作员的特点是初始动员准备程度高。他们的可靠性需要大量生理资源（“成本”高）。表现出“探索”工作方式的操作员的初始动员和生理“成本”较低。根据动员和动机水平，他们在质量和可靠性方面的效率本质上不稳定。
