Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2014 May;88(2):296-308. doi: 10.1111/1574-6941.12293. Epub 2014 Feb 24.
Fungi are known to have an important role in the composting process as degraders of recalcitrant materials such as cellulose and lignin. Previous attempts to study the diversity and succession of fungi in compost systems have relied on the use of culture-dependent analyses and low-resolution DNA-fingerprinting techniques, lacking the necessary depth to analyse such a rich ecosystem. In this study, 454 pyrosequencing was used to characterize the fungal community composition at the different stages of an in-vessel composting process. A complex succession of fungi was revealed, with 251 fungal OTUs identified throughout the monitoring period. The Ascomycota were the dominant phylum (82.5% of all sequences recovered), followed by the Basidiomycota (10.4%) and the subphylum Mucoromycotina (4.9%). In the starting materials and early stages of the process, yeast species from the Saccharomycetales were abundant, while in latter stages and in the high temperature regions of the pile, fungi from the orders Eurotiales, Sordariales, Mucorales, Agaricales and Microascales were the most prominent. This study provides an improved understanding of the fungal diversity occurring during the composting of municipal solid waste, and this knowledge can lead to the development of more efficient composting practices and a better evaluation of the end-product quality.
真菌在堆肥过程中作为纤维素和木质素等难降解物质的降解者起着重要作用。以前研究堆肥系统中真菌的多样性和演替主要依赖于培养依赖的分析和低分辨率 DNA 指纹技术，缺乏分析如此丰富的生态系统所需的深度。在这项研究中，454 焦磷酸测序用于描述容器内堆肥过程不同阶段的真菌群落组成。揭示了一个复杂的真菌演替过程，在整个监测期间鉴定出 251 个真菌 OTUs。子囊菌门（所有回收序列的 82.5%）是主要的门，其次是担子菌门（10.4%）和毛霉亚门（4.9%）。在起始材料和过程的早期阶段，来自 Saccharomycetales 的酵母种类丰富，而在后期和堆体的高温区域，来自 Eurotiales、Sordariales、Mucorales、Agaricales 和 Microascales 目的真菌最为突出。本研究提高了对城市固体废物堆肥过程中真菌多样性的认识，这一知识可用于开发更有效的堆肥实践，并更好地评估最终产品的质量。
