Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER-Instituto de Salud San Carlos III, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015 Jan;70(1):33-43. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glu002. Epub 2014 Feb 4.
Aging affects many biochemical, cellular, and physiological processes in the organisms. Accumulation of damage based on oxidized macromolecules is found in many age-associated diseases. Coenzyme Q (Q) is one of the main molecules involved in metabolic and antioxidant activities in cells. Q-dependent antioxidant activities are importantly involved on the protection of cell membranes against oxidation. Many studies indicate that Q decay in most of the organs during aging. In our study, no changes in Q levels were found in old animals in comparison with young animals. On the other hand, the interventions, caloric restriction based on every-other-day feeding procedure, and physical exercise were able to increase Q levels in muscle, but only in old and not in young animals. Probably, this effect prevented the increase in lipid peroxidation found in aged animals and also protein carbonylation. Further, Q-dependent antioxidant activities such as NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase and NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 are also modulated by both exercise and every other day feeding. Taken together, we demonstrate that exercise and dietary restriction as every-other-day procedure can regulate endogenous synthesized Q levels and Q-dependent antioxidant activities in muscle, preventing oxidative damage in aged muscle.
衰老是生物体内许多生化、细胞和生理过程的影响因素。在许多与年龄相关的疾病中，都发现了基于氧化大分子的损伤积累。辅酶 Q（Q）是参与细胞代谢和抗氧化活性的主要分子之一。Q 依赖性抗氧化活性对于保护细胞膜免受氧化至关重要。许多研究表明，Q 在衰老过程中在大多数器官中减少。在我们的研究中，与年轻动物相比，老年动物的 Q 水平没有变化。另一方面，干预措施，即基于每隔一天喂养程序的热量限制，以及体育锻炼，能够增加肌肉中的 Q 水平，但仅在老年动物中，而不在年轻动物中。也许，这种作用防止了在老年动物中发现的脂质过氧化增加，以及蛋白质羰基化。此外，Q 依赖性抗氧化活性，如 NADH-细胞色素 b5 还原酶和 NAD(P)H-醌氧化还原酶 1，也被运动和每隔一天的喂养所调节。总之，我们证明了运动和饮食限制作为每隔一天的程序可以调节肌肉中内源性合成的 Q 水平和 Q 依赖性抗氧化活性，防止衰老肌肉中的氧化损伤。
