Gaire Sudip, O'Connell Mary, Holguin Francisco O, Amatya Anup, Bundy Scott, Romero Alvaro
Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Apr 1;110(2):584-592. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox035.
The Turkestan cockroach, Blatta lateralis (Walker), has become the most important peridomestic species in urban areas of the Southwestern United States. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of botanical compounds to control this urban pest. We tested the acute toxicity and repellency of six botanical constituents and three essential oils on Turkestan cockroach nymphs. Chemical composition of the essential oils was also determined. Topical and fumigant assays with nymphs showed that thymol was the most toxic essential oil constituent, with a LD50 of 0.34 mg/nymph and a LC50 of 27.6 mg/liter air, respectively. Contact toxicity was also observed in assays with trans-Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, geraniol, methyl eugenol, and p-Cymene. Methyl eugenol and geraniol had limited fumigant toxicity. The essential oils from red thyme, clove bud, and Java citronella exhibited toxicity against nymphs. Cockroaches avoided fresh dry residues of thymol and essential oils. Chemical analysis of the essential oils confirmed high contents of effective essential oil constituents. Our results demonstrated that essential oils and some of their constituents have potential as eco-friendly insecticides for the management of Turkestan cockroaches.
突厥蜚蠊（Blatta lateralis (Walker)）已成为美国西南部城市地区最重要的家居周边害虫物种。本研究的目的是评估植物性化合物用于防治这种城市害虫的效果。我们测试了六种植物成分和三种精油对突厥蜚蠊若虫的急性毒性和驱避性。同时还测定了精油的化学成分。对若虫进行的局部用药和熏蒸试验表明，百里香酚是毒性最强的精油成分，其半数致死剂量（LD50）为0.34毫克/若虫，半数致死浓度（LC50）为27.6毫克/升空气。在对反式肉桂醛、丁香酚、香叶醇、甲基丁香酚和对伞花烃的试验中也观察到了接触毒性。甲基丁香酚和香叶醇的熏蒸毒性有限。来自红百里香、丁香花蕾和爪哇香茅的精油对若虫具有毒性。蜚蠊会避开百里香酚和精油的新鲜干燥残留物。对精油的化学分析证实了有效精油成分的高含量。我们的结果表明，精油及其某些成分作为环保型杀虫剂用于管理突厥蜚蠊具有潜力。
