Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 11075 Santa Monica Blvd,, Suite 100, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA.
Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2013 Oct 23;8(1):16. doi: 10.1186/1940-0640-8-16.
Although screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based technique that, in some health-care settings, has been shown to cost-effectively reduce alcohol and drug use, research on the efficacy of SBIRT among criminal offender populations is limited. Such populations have a high prevalence of drug and alcohol use but limited access to intervention, and many are at risk for post-release relapse and recidivism. Thus, there exists a need for treatment options for drug-involved offenders of varying risk levels to reduce risky behaviors or enter treatment.
METHODS/DESIGN: This protocol describes an assessment of SBIRT feasibility and effectiveness in a criminal justice environment. Eight-hundred persons will be recruited from a large metropolitan jail, with the experimental group receiving an intervention depending on risk level and the control group receiving minimal intervention. The intervention will assess the risk level for drug and alcohol misuse by inmates, providing those at low or medium risk a brief intervention in the jail and referring those at high risk to community treatment following release. In addition, a brief treatment (eight-session) option will be available. Using data from a 12-month follow-up interview, the primary study outcomes are a reduction in drug and alcohol use, while secondary outcomes include participation in treatment, rearrest, quality of life, reduction in HIV risk behaviors, and costs of SBIRT.
Individual reductions in alcohol and drug use can have significant effects on public health and safety when observed over a large population at risk for substance-use problems. With wider dissemination statewide or nationwide, a relatively low-cost intervention such as SBIRT could offer demonstrated benefits in this population.
Clinical Trials Government Identifier, NCT01683643.
尽管筛查、简短干预和转介治疗（SBIRT）是一种基于证据的技术，在某些医疗保健环境中已被证明可以有效地降低酒精和药物使用量，但针对犯罪者群体的 SBIRT 功效的研究有限。这些人群药物和酒精使用的患病率很高，但获得干预的机会有限，而且许多人在释放后有复发和再次犯罪的风险。因此，需要为不同风险水平的涉毒罪犯提供治疗选择，以减少危险行为或进入治疗。
方法/设计：本方案描述了在刑事司法环境中对 SBIRT 的可行性和有效性的评估。将从一个大型大都市监狱招募 800 人，实验组根据风险水平接受干预，对照组接受最低限度的干预。干预措施将评估囚犯药物和酒精滥用的风险水平，为低风险或中风险的囚犯提供监狱内的简短干预，并将高风险的囚犯转介到社区治疗，以在释放后进行治疗。此外，还将提供简短治疗（八节）的选择。通过对 12 个月随访访谈的数据进行分析，主要研究结果是减少药物和酒精的使用，而次要结果包括参与治疗、再逮捕、生活质量、减少 HIV 风险行为和 SBIRT 的成本。
在观察到大量存在药物使用问题风险的人群中，个人减少酒精和药物的使用可以对公共卫生和安全产生重大影响。在全州或全国范围内更广泛地推广，像 SBIRT 这样相对低成本的干预措施可以为这一人群带来明显的好处。
临床试验政府标识符，NCT01683643。
