Bamunuarachchi Gayan S, Ratnasooriya Wanigasekara D, Premakumara Sirimal, Udagama Preethi V
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2013 Dec;50(4):278-84.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Artemisinin isolated from Artemisia annua is the most potent antimalarial drug against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Artemisia vulgaris, an invasive weed, is the only Artemisia species available in Sri Lanka. A pilot study was undertaken to investigate the antiparasitic activity of an A. vulgaris ethanolic leaf extract (AVELE) in a P. berghei ANKA murine malaria model that elicits pathogenesis similar to falciparum malaria.
A 4-day suppressive and the curative assays determined the antiparasitic activity of AVELE using four doses (250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg), Coartem® as the positive control and 5% ethanol as the negative control in male ICR mice infected with P. berghei.
The 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg doses of AVELE significantly (p ≤ 0.01) inhibited parasitaemia by 79.3, 79.6 and 87.3% respectively, in the 4-day suppressive assay, but not in the curative assay. Chronic administration of the high dose of AVELE ruled out overt signs of toxicity and stress as well as hepatotoxicity, renotoxicity and haematotoxicity.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The oral administration of a crude ethonolic leaf extract of A. vulgaris is non-toxic and possesses potent antimalarial properties in terms of antiparasitic activity.
从黄花蒿中分离出的青蒿素是对抗氯喹耐药恶性疟原虫疟疾最有效的抗疟药物。普通蒿是一种入侵性杂草，是斯里兰卡唯一可获得的蒿属植物。开展了一项初步研究，以调查普通蒿乙醇叶提取物（AVELE）在伯氏疟原虫ANKA小鼠疟疾模型中的抗寄生虫活性，该模型引发的发病机制与恶性疟相似。
在感染伯氏疟原虫的雄性ICR小鼠中，采用4天抑制试验和治疗试验，使用四个剂量（250、500、750和1000 mg/kg）测定AVELE的抗寄生虫活性，以科泰复®作为阳性对照，5%乙醇作为阴性对照。
在4天抑制试验中，500、750和1000 mg/kg剂量的AVELE分别显著（p≤0.01）抑制疟原虫血症79.3%、79.6%和87.3%，但在治疗试验中未显示出抑制作用。长期给予高剂量的AVELE未发现明显的毒性和应激迹象，也未发现肝毒性、肾毒性和血液毒性。
口服普通蒿粗乙醇叶提取物无毒，且在抗寄生虫活性方面具有强大的抗疟特性
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