Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (YYL, LMR, GAB, FLG, DJ, and ER), and Florida Hospital and Sanford-Burnham Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL (SRS).
Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Apr;99(4):834-42. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.079566. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
Achieving energy balance is critical for the interpretation of results obtained in respiratory chambers. However, 24-h energy expenditure (24EE) predictions based on estimated resting metabolic rate and physical activity level are often inaccurate and imprecise.
We aimed to develop and validate equations to better achieve energy balance in a respiratory chamber by adding or subtracting food items.
By using a randomized data set with measures of 24EE (n = 241) performed at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, we developed equations to predict 24EE from anthropometric, demographic, and body composition variables before and at 3 and 7 h into the chamber measurement. The equations were tested on an independent data set (n = 240) and compared with published predictive equations.
By using anthropometric and demographic variables, the equation was as follows: 24EE (kcal/d) = 11.6 [weight (kg)] + 8.03 [height (cm)] - 3.45 [age (y)] + 217 (male) - 52 (African American) - 235. The mean prediction error was -9 ± 155 kcal/d (2046 ± 305 compared with 2055 ± 343 kcal/d for measured 24EE; P = 0.36). The prediction achieved a precision of ±10% of measured 24EE in 83% of the participants. Energy prescription was then refined by equations with the use of energy expenditure values after 3 h, 7 h, or both into the chamber study. These later equations improved the precision (±10% of measured 24EE) to 92% (P = 0.003) and 96% (P < 0.0001) of the participants at 3 and 7 h, respectively. Body composition did not improve 24EE predictions.
We showed the use of a set of equations to prescribe and adjust energy intake to achieve energy balance in respiratory chambers over 24 h. These equations may be used in most respiratory chambers and modified to accommodate exercise or specific feeding protocols.
在呼吸室中，实现能量平衡对于解释获得的结果至关重要。然而，基于估计的静息代谢率和身体活动水平预测的 24 小时能量消耗（24EE）往往不准确和不精确。
我们旨在开发和验证方程，通过添加或减去食物来更好地在呼吸室内实现能量平衡。
使用来自彭宁顿生物医学研究中心的 24EE（n=241）的随机数据集，我们开发了从人体测量学、人口统计学和身体成分变量预测 24EE 的方程，这些方程在进入呼吸室测量的 3 小时和 7 小时前和时进行测量。这些方程在独立数据集（n=240）上进行了测试，并与已发表的预测方程进行了比较。
使用人体测量学和人口统计学变量，方程如下：24EE（千卡/天）= 11.6[体重（千克）]+8.03[身高（厘米）]-3.45[年龄（岁）]+217（男性）-52（非裔美国人）-235。平均预测误差为-9±155 千卡/天（2055±343 千卡/天与测量的 24EE 相比；P=0.36）。预测达到了 83%的参与者测量的 24EE 的±10%精度。然后，通过使用 3 小时、7 小时或两者在室内研究后的能量消耗值的方程来细化能量处方。这些较晚的方程将精度提高到 92%（P=0.003）和 96%（P<0.0001），分别为 3 小时和 7 小时的参与者。身体成分并没有改善 24EE 的预测。
我们展示了使用一组方程来规定和调整能量摄入，以在 24 小时内实现呼吸室内的能量平衡。这些方程可用于大多数呼吸室，并可根据运动或特定喂养方案进行修改。
