Krol Marieke, Brouwer Werner
Department of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
Pharmacoeconomics. 2014 Apr;32(4):335-44. doi: 10.1007/s40273-014-0132-3.
Productivity costs are frequently omitted from economic evaluations, despite their often strong impact on cost-effectiveness outcomes. This neglect may be partly explained by the lack of standardization regarding the methodology of estimating productivity costs. This paper aims to contribute to standardization of productivity cost methodology by offering practical guidance on how to estimate productivity costs in economic evaluations. The paper discusses the identification, measurement and valuation of productivity losses. It is recommended to include not only productivity losses related to absenteeism from and reduced productivity at paid work, but also those related to unpaid work. Hence, it is recommended to use a measurement instrument including questions about both paid and unpaid productivity, such as the iMTA Productivity Cost Questionnaire (iPCQ) or the Valuation of Lost Productivity (VOLP). We indicate how to apply the friction cost and the human capital approach and give practical guidance on deriving final cost estimates.
尽管生产力成本往往对成本效益结果有很大影响，但在经济评估中却常常被忽略。这种忽视部分原因可能是在估算生产力成本的方法上缺乏标准化。本文旨在通过提供关于如何在经济评估中估算生产力成本的实用指南，为生产力成本方法的标准化做出贡献。本文讨论了生产力损失的识别、测量和估值。建议不仅包括与带薪工作缺勤和生产力降低相关的生产力损失，还包括与无薪工作相关的损失。因此，建议使用一种测量工具，包括有关带薪和无薪生产力的问题，如iMTA生产力成本问卷（iPCQ）或生产力损失估值（VOLP）。我们指出如何应用摩擦成本和人力资本方法，并为得出最终成本估算提供实用指南。
