Jupp P G, Lyons S F
Department of Virology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
AIDS. 1987 Sep;1(3):171-4.
In vitro experiments were conducted to assess whether bedbugs (Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus) and mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti formosus) could act as vectors of HIV. These insects engorged through a membrane on a blood-virus mixture. Female bedbugs were larger than males and took larger blood-meals when fed to repletion. It was determined that the full blood-meal of a female bedbug contained 0.09 x 10(5) tissue culture infectious doses (TCID) of virus and a male 0.07 x 10(5) TCID, while partial meals taken when feeding was interrupted contained 0.013 x 10(5) TCID and 0.015 x 10(5) TCID for female and male bugs, respectively. Reverse transcriptase activity was assayed after culture of insect extracts in H9 cells: this showed survival of virus in C. lectularius for up to 4 h, in C. hemipterus for up to 1, possibly 2 h, but no survival in Ae. aegypti formosus. Four attempts to transmit the virus by interrupted feeding by C. lectularius from a blood-virus mixture to uninfected blood failed. It is concluded that Ae. aegypti formosus and probably other mosquitoes are not mechanical vectors of HIV and that such transmission is also unlikely to occur in bedbugs under natural conditions.
进行了体外实验，以评估臭虫（温带臭虫和热带臭虫）和蚊子（埃及伊蚊指名亚种）是否可能作为HIV的传播媒介。这些昆虫通过膜吸食血液-病毒混合物。雌性臭虫比雄性大，饱食时摄取的血量也更多。经测定，雌性臭虫一顿饱餐所含病毒的组织培养感染剂量（TCID）为0.09×10⁵，雄性为0.07×10⁵，而喂食中断时摄取的部分餐量中，雌性和雄性臭虫所含病毒量分别为0.013×10⁵ TCID和0.015×10⁵ TCID。在H9细胞中培养昆虫提取物后检测逆转录酶活性：结果显示病毒在温带臭虫中存活长达4小时，在热带臭虫中存活长达1小时，可能为2小时，但在埃及伊蚊指名亚种中未存活。通过温带臭虫从血液-病毒混合物向未感染血液的中断喂食来传播病毒的四次尝试均失败。结论是埃及伊蚊指名亚种以及可能的其他蚊子不是HIV的机械传播媒介，并且在自然条件下臭虫也不太可能发生这种传播。
