Kan Manstein, Wong Patrick Ho Pun, Press Natasha, Wiseman Sam M
Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia, C303-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z-1Y6, Canada.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2014 Apr;14(4):395-405. doi: 10.1586/14737140.2013.877843. Epub 2014 Feb 9.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly altered the epidemiology of cancer that is diagnosed in individuals who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Studies have shown a dramatic decrease in the incidence of and mortality from AIDS-related malignancies (primarily Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), while the incidence of and mortality from non-AIDS defining malignancies is on the rise. While the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in HIV-infected individuals is controversial and has received limited study, there has been accumulating evidence that suggests an increased risk of developing anal cancer (AC) during the HAART era. This article reviews the current literature reporting on CRC and AC in the HIV-infected population, with a specific on cancer: incidence, screening, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes.
高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）显著改变了在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的个体中被诊断出的癌症的流行病学情况。研究表明，与艾滋病相关的恶性肿瘤（主要是卡波西肉瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤）的发病率和死亡率大幅下降，而非艾滋病定义的恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率则在上升。虽然HIV感染者患结直肠癌（CRC）的风险存在争议且研究有限，但越来越多的证据表明，在HAART时代患肛管癌（AC）的风险增加。本文回顾了关于HIV感染人群中CRC和AC的现有文献报道，特别关注癌症的发病率、筛查、临床特征和治疗结果。
