COPD：定义和表型。
COPD: definition and phenotypes.
机构信息
Department of Respiratory Medicine J, Odense University Hospital, Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Respiratory Research Group, Manchester Academic Sciences Centre, University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, M23 9LT Manchester, UK.
出版信息
Clin Chest Med. 2014 Mar;35(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2013.10.010. Epub 2013 Dec 12.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently defined as a common preventable and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases. Exacerbations and comorbidities contribute to the overall severity in individual patients. The evolution of this definition and the diagnostic criteria currently in use are discussed. COPD is increasingly divided in subgroups or phenotypes based on specific features and association with prognosis or response to therapy, the most notable being the feature of frequent exacerbations.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）目前被定义为一种常见的可预防和可治疗的疾病，其特征是持续的气流受限，通常呈进行性发展，并伴有气道和肺部对有害颗粒或气体的慢性炎症反应增强。加重和合并症导致个体患者的整体严重程度增加。本文讨论了这一定义的演变和当前使用的诊断标准。根据特定特征和与预后或治疗反应的关联，COPD 越来越分为亚组或表型，最显著的特征是频繁加重。
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