Corbière Marc, Villotti Patrizia, Lecomte Tania, Bond Gary R, Lesage Alain, Goldner Elliot M
Center for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation.
Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento.
Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2014 Jun;37(2):90-8. doi: 10.1037/prj0000033. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
Job tenure for people with severe mental disorders, even for those enrolled in supported employment programs, is typically brief. Few studies to date have investigated the relationship between accommodations and natural supports available in the workplace, and job tenure for this population. The main objectives of this study were to develop and to validate a new measure to describe work accommodations and natural supports available in the workplace and to determine which of them are significantly related to job tenure for participants enrolled in supported employment services.
In total, 124 people with a severe mental disorder enrolled in supported employment programs and who obtained only one competitive employment at the 9-month follow-up answered the Work Accommodation and Natural Support Scale (WANSS). They also provided information regarding their disclosure (or non-) of mental disorders in the workplace and the length of their job tenure.
Confirmatory factor analysis conducted on the WANSS showed 40 items distributed on 6 dimensions (e.g., Schedule flexibility). Correlation results showed that disclosure was significantly related to the number of work accommodations and natural supports available in the workplace. Survival analyses indicated that one WANSS dimension was more salient in predicting job tenure: Supervisor and coworker supports.
The WANSS is a valid and useful tool to assess work accommodations and natural supports available in the workplace that employment specialists could use in their practice.
患有严重精神障碍的人群，即便参加了支持性就业项目，其在职时间通常也较短。迄今为止，很少有研究调查工作场所中合理便利措施与自然支持之间的关系，以及这一人群的在职时间情况。本研究的主要目的是开发并验证一种新的测量方法，以描述工作场所中可用的工作合理便利措施和自然支持，并确定其中哪些与参加支持性就业服务的参与者的在职时间显著相关。
共有124名参加支持性就业项目且在9个月随访时仅获得一份竞争性工作的严重精神障碍患者回答了工作合理便利与自然支持量表（WANSS）。他们还提供了在工作场所是否披露精神障碍以及在职时间长短的信息。
对WANSS进行的验证性因素分析显示，40个项目分布在6个维度上（如日程灵活性）。相关性结果表明，披露情况与工作场所中可用的工作合理便利措施和自然支持的数量显著相关。生存分析表明，WANSS的一个维度在预测在职时间方面更为显著：上级和同事的支持。
WANSS是一种有效且有用的工具，可用于评估工作场所中可用的工作合理便利措施和自然支持，就业专家可在实践中使用。
