Murphy J M, McBride W J, Gatto G J, Lumeng L, Li T K
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46223.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1988 Jan;29(1):169-74. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(88)90291-2.
The contents of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and their metabolites in the frontal cortex, anterior striatum, nucleus accumbens and hypothalamus of alcohol-tolerant and -nontolerant rats of the alcohol-preferring P line were determined one hour after the IP administration of 2.5 g ethanol/kg body wt. Compared with saline-injected controls, nontolerant P-rats injected with ethanol had (a) 60% higher levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the frontal cortex; (b) 30-60% higher levels of DOPAC and HVA in the anterior striatum and nucleus accumbens; and (c) 20% higher levels of 5-HIAA in all three forebrain regions. In the tolerant group, the effects of IP ethanol on DOPAC and HVA were markedly attenuated or completely eliminated in these three forebrain regions. However, in the case of 5-HIAA, an attenuated response was observed only in the nucleus accumbens of the tolerant group. The IP administration of ethanol had little effect on the contents of DA or 5-HT in any of these three forebrain regions, with the exception that 5-HT levels were elevated in the anterior striatum of both the tolerant and nontolerant groups. In the hypothalamus, there were no significant differences for the contents of DA, 5-HT or their metabolites between the nontolerant or tolerant P rats after IP ethanol. The data indicate that both acute ethanol administration and chronic alcohol intake by the P line of rats alters certain DA and 5-HT systems that may be involved in the brain reward circuitry and in DA pathways involved in motor functions.
在腹腔注射2.5 g乙醇/千克体重1小时后，测定了嗜酒P品系耐酒和不耐酒大鼠额叶皮质、前纹状体、伏隔核和下丘脑内多巴胺（DA）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）及其代谢产物的含量。与注射生理盐水的对照组相比，注射乙醇的不耐酒P品系大鼠：（a）额叶皮质中3,4-二羟基苯乙酸（DOPAC）和高香草酸（HVA）水平高60%；（b）前纹状体和伏隔核中DOPAC和HVA水平高30%-60%；（c）所有三个前脑区域中5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）水平高20%。在耐受组中，腹腔注射乙醇对这三个前脑区域中DOPAC和HVA的影响明显减弱或完全消除。然而，对于5-HIAA，仅在耐受组的伏隔核中观察到反应减弱。腹腔注射乙醇对这三个前脑区域中任何一个区域的DA或5-HT含量几乎没有影响，不过耐受组和不耐酒组的前纹状体中5-HT水平均升高。在腹注射乙醇后，不耐酒或耐受的P品系大鼠下丘脑内DA、5-HT或其代谢产物的含量没有显著差异。数据表明，大鼠P品系急性给予乙醇和长期摄入酒精均会改变某些可能参与脑奖赏回路以及参与运动功能的DA通路的DA和5-HT系统。
