Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK Rugby Football Union, Twickenham, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2015 Apr;49(8):536-40. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092988. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
To establish the propensity for specific contact events to cause injury in rugby union.
Medical staff at participating English community-level rugby clubs reported any injury resulting in the absence for one match or more from the day of the injury during the 2009/2010 (n=46), 2010/2011 (n=67) and 2011/2012 (n=76) seasons. Injury severity was defined as the number of matches missed. Thirty community rugby matches were filmed and the number of contact events (tackles, collision tackles, rucks, mauls, lineouts and scrums) recorded.
Of 370 (95% CI 364 to 378) contact events per match, 141 (137 to 145) were tackles, 115 (111 to 119) were rucks and 32 (30 to 33) were scrums. Tackles resulted in the greatest propensity for injury (2.3 (2.2 to 2.4) injuries/1000 events) and the greatest severity (16 (15 to 17) weeks missed/1000 events). Collision tackles (illegal tackles involving a shoulder charge) had a propensity for injury of 15 (12.4 to 18.3) injuries/1000 events and severity was 92 (75 to 112) weeks missed/1000 events, both of which were higher than any other event. Additional scrum analysis showed that only 5% of all scrums collapsed, but the propensity for injury was four times higher (2.9 (1.5 to 5.4) injuries/1000 events) and the severity was six times greater (22 (12 to 42) weeks missed/1000 events) than for non-collapsed scrums.
Injury prevention in the tackle should focus on technique with strict enforcement of existing laws for illegal collision tackles. The scrum is a relatively controllable event and further attempts should be made to reduce the frequency of scrum collapse.
确定橄榄球运动中特定接触事件导致损伤的倾向性。
参与研究的英国社区级橄榄球俱乐部的医务人员报告了在 2009/2010 赛季（n=46）、2010/2011 赛季（n=67）和 2011/2012 赛季（n=76）期间，因伤导致一场或多场比赛缺席的所有损伤。损伤严重程度定义为错过的比赛数量。对 30 场社区橄榄球比赛进行了录像，记录接触事件（擒抱、撞擒抱、争边球、混战、争边球、 scrums）的数量。
每场比赛有 370 次（95%CI 364 到 378）接触事件，其中 141 次（137 到 145）是擒抱，115 次（111 到 119）是争边球，32 次（30 到 33）是 scrums。擒抱导致损伤的倾向性最大（2.3（2.2 到 2.4）损伤/1000 次事件），严重程度最高（16（15 到 17）周/1000 次事件）。冲撞擒抱（涉及肩部撞击的非法擒抱）的损伤倾向性为 15（12.4 到 18.3）损伤/1000 次事件，严重程度为 92（75 到 112）周/1000 次事件，均高于其他任何事件。进一步的 scrums 分析表明，所有 scrums 中只有 5%的 scrums 崩溃，但损伤倾向性高四倍（2.9（1.5 到 5.4）损伤/1000 次事件），严重程度高六倍（22（12 到 42）周/1000 次事件）。
擒抱中的损伤预防应侧重于技术，严格执行现有的非法碰撞擒抱法。 scrums 是一个相对可控的事件，应进一步努力减少 scrums 崩溃的频率。
