Stea Tonje H, Vik Frøydis N, Bere Elling, Svendsen Martin V, Oellingrath Inger M
1Department of Public Health,Sport and Nutrition,University of Agder,Postboks 422,N-4604 Kristiansand,Norway.
2Department of Occupational Medicine,Telemark Hospital,Skien,Norway.
Public Health Nutr. 2015 Feb;18(2):286-91. doi: 10.1017/S136898001400010X. Epub 2014 Feb 13.
To investigate meal pattern longitudinally and explore whether meal skipping was associated with overweight among Norwegian children and adolescents.
Longitudinal study. Children's meal frequencies were reported by their parents using a retrospective FFQ. Weight and height were measured by public health nurses. Descriptive data comparing 4th and 7th grade were analysed by paired-sample t tests for continuous variables and χ 2 tests for categorical variables. Odds ratio estimates, including confidence intervals, with BMI category (normal/overweight) as the dependent variable, were determined through logistic regression analyses.
Primary schools, Telemark County, Norway.
A cohort of 428 Norwegian boys and girls; 4th graders in 2007, 7th graders in 2010.
The number of children eating four main meals per day (regular meal frequency) decreased from 4th grade (47 %) to 7th grade (38 %; P = 0·001). Those who ate regular meals in 4th grade but not in 7th grade had higher odds (OR = 3·1; 95 % CI 1·1, 9·0) of being overweight in 7th grade after adjusting for gender, maternal education and physical activity, but the odds ratio was not statistically significant after adjusting for overweight in 4th grade (OR = 2·8; 95 % CI 0·7, 11·6).
The present study showed significant increases in overall meal skipping among children between 4th and 7th grade. The results indicate an association between overweight and meal skipping, but additional prospective and longitudinal analyses and intervention trials are warranted to confirm this relationship.
纵向研究饮食模式，探讨挪威儿童和青少年中不吃正餐是否与超重有关。
纵向研究。儿童的饮食频率由其父母通过回顾性食物频率问卷进行报告。体重和身高由公共卫生护士测量。对连续变量采用配对样本t检验、对分类变量采用χ2检验分析比较四年级和七年级的描述性数据。通过逻辑回归分析确定以BMI类别（正常/超重）为因变量的比值比估计值，包括置信区间。
挪威泰勒马克郡的小学。
428名挪威男孩和女孩组成的队列；2007年为四年级学生，2010年为七年级学生。
每天吃四顿主餐（规律饮食频率）的儿童数量从四年级的47%降至七年级的38%（P = 0·001）。四年级时规律饮食但七年级时不规律饮食的儿童，在调整性别、母亲教育程度和身体活动后，七年级时超重的几率更高（OR = 3·1；95%CI 1·1，9·0），但在调整四年级时的超重情况后，比值比无统计学意义（OR = 2·8；95%CI 0·7，11·6）。
本研究显示四年级至七年级儿童中总体不吃正餐的情况显著增加。结果表明超重与不吃正餐之间存在关联，但需要进一步的前瞻性和纵向分析以及干预试验来证实这种关系。
