Moores University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Cancer Center and.
J Nutr. 2014 Apr;144(4):461-6. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.186890. Epub 2014 Feb 12.
Habitual short sleep duration appears to increase the risk of obesity. The objective of this paper is to investigate the association of habitual sleep duration with objective measures of energy balance. One hundred twelve African-American and 111 non-Hispanic whites aged 21-69 y participated in a cross-sectional study of dietary assessment and biomarkers. Participants reported the mean number of hours per day spent sleeping over the past year. Short sleep duration was defined as ≤6 h/d of sleep. Energy intake (kilocalories) was objectively assessed using the 2-point doubly labeled water technique to determine total energy expenditure, which is approximately equal to energy intake. Physical activity energy expenditure (kilocalories) was estimated as total energy expenditure minus each participant's calculated basal metabolic rate and the thermogenic effect of food. Compared with participants who slept ≤6 h, individuals who slept 8 h were significantly less likely to be obese (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.79). However, this association was not linear across 6-9 h of sleep (P-trend = 0.16). There was an inverse association between sleep and energy intake (P-trend = 0.07): compared with ≤6 h/d, adults who reported ≥9 h sleep consumed 178 fewer kcal/d. There was also an inverse association between sleep and physical activity (P-trend = 0.05): compared with ≤6 h/d of sleep, adults who reported 9 h of usual sleep expended 113 fewer kcal/d in physical activity. These data indicate that, compared with longer sleep duration, adults who report habitual short sleep duration have somewhat higher physical activity energy expenditure but considerably higher energy intake. Habitual short sleep duration appears to be 1 of the facets of modern life leading to a mismatch between energy intake and physical activity.
习惯性的短睡眠时间似乎会增加肥胖的风险。本文的目的是研究习惯性睡眠时间与能量平衡的客观测量指标之间的关系。112 名非裔美国人和 111 名非西班牙裔白人，年龄在 21-69 岁，参与了一项关于饮食评估和生物标志物的横断面研究。参与者报告了过去一年中每天平均睡眠时间。短睡眠时间定义为每天睡眠≤6 小时。能量摄入（千卡）使用双标记水技术进行客观评估，以确定总能量消耗，总能量消耗约等于能量摄入。身体活动能量消耗（千卡）估计为总能量消耗减去每个参与者计算的基础代谢率和食物的热效应。与睡眠≤6 小时的参与者相比，睡眠 8 小时的人肥胖的可能性显著降低（OR：0.33；95%CI：0.14，0.79）。然而，这种关联在 6-9 小时的睡眠中并不是线性的（P-trend=0.16）。睡眠与能量摄入呈负相关（P-trend=0.07）：与每天睡眠≤6 小时相比，报告每天睡眠≥9 小时的成年人每天摄入的热量减少了 178 千卡。睡眠与身体活动也呈负相关（P-trend=0.05）：与每天睡眠≤6 小时相比，报告每天睡眠 9 小时的成年人每天身体活动消耗的热量减少了 113 千卡。这些数据表明，与较长的睡眠时间相比，报告习惯性短睡眠时间的成年人的身体活动能量消耗略高，但能量摄入却高得多。习惯性的短睡眠时间似乎是导致能量摄入与身体活动不匹配的现代生活方式的一个方面。
