关于思维游荡对编码和检索时加工水平的不对称影响。
On the asymmetric effects of mind-wandering on levels of processing at encoding and retrieval.
作者信息
Thomson David R, Smilek Daniel, Besner Derek
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada,
出版信息
Psychon Bull Rev. 2014 Jun;21(3):728-33. doi: 10.3758/s13423-013-0526-9.
The behavioral consequences of off-task thought (mind-wandering) on primary-task performance are now well documented across an increasing range of tasks. In the present study, we investigated the consequences of mind-wandering on the encoding of information into memory in the context of a levels-of-processing framework (Craik & Lockhart, 1972). Mind-wandering was assessed via subjective self-reports in response to thought probes that were presented under both semantic (size judgment) and perceptual (case judgment) encoding instructions. Mind-wandering rates during semantic encoding negatively predicted subsequent recognition memory performance, whereas no such relation was observed during perceptual encoding. We discuss the asymmetric effects of mind-wandering on levels of processing in the context of attentional-resource accounts of mind-wandering.
当前，在越来越多的任务中，脱任务思维（走神）对主要任务表现的行为后果已有充分记录。在本研究中，我们在加工水平框架（Craik和Lockhart，1972）的背景下，研究了走神对信息编码进入记忆的影响。通过在语义（大小判断）和知觉（大小写判断）编码指令下呈现的思维探测，以主观自我报告的方式评估走神情况。语义编码期间的走神率对随后的识别记忆表现有负向预测作用，而知觉编码期间未观察到这种关系。我们在走神的注意力资源理论背景下，讨论了走神对加工水平的不对称影响。
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