Kim Hongkeun
Department of Rehabilitation Psychology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea.
Imaging Neurosci (Camb). 2024 Feb 22;2. doi: 10.1162/imag_a_00098. eCollection 2024.
The subsequent memory paradigm is a fundamental tool in neuroimaging investigations of encoding processes. Although some studies have contrasted remembered trials with forgotten ones, others have focused on strongly remembered trials versus forgotten ones. This study employed a meta-analytic approach to juxtapose the effects observed in the two types of contrast. Three distinct perspectives on memory formation-semantic elaboration, attentional focus, and hippocampal processing-yield diverse hypotheses about the regions responsible for the formation of strong memories. The meta-analysis yielded evidence supporting the attentional and semantic hypotheses while failing to substantiate the hippocampal hypothesis. The discussion section integrates these varied perspectives into a coherent view, culminating in the proposal of a model called the Significance-driven and Attention-driven Memory (SAM). Several pivotal postulates underpin the SAM model. First, it establishes a link between fluctuations in the trial-to-trial encoding performance and continuous variations in sustained attention. Second, the model contends that attention exerts a potent influence on both perceptual and semantic processing, while its impact on hippocampal processing remains moderate. Lastly, the model accentuates the heightened role of the hippocampus in significance-driven encoding, as opposed to attention-driven encoding. From a specific perspective, the model's value lies in promoting a holistic understanding of the current extensive meta-analytic results. In a more comprehensive context, the model introduces an integrated framework that synthesizes various encoding-related cognitive and neural processes into a cohesive and unified perspective.
后续记忆范式是编码过程神经影像学研究中的一种基本工具。尽管一些研究将记忆试验与遗忘试验进行了对比，但其他研究则聚焦于强记忆试验与遗忘试验。本研究采用元分析方法来并列两种对比中观察到的效应。关于记忆形成的三个不同视角——语义 elaboration、注意力焦点和海马体加工——产生了关于负责形成强记忆的区域的不同假设。元分析得出的证据支持了注意力和语义假设，而未能证实海马体假设。讨论部分将这些不同的视角整合为一个连贯的观点，最终提出了一个名为“意义驱动和注意力驱动记忆（SAM）”的模型。SAM 模型有几个关键假设。首先，它在逐次试验编码表现的波动与持续注意力的持续变化之间建立了联系。其次，该模型认为注意力对感知和语义加工都有强大影响，而其对海马体加工的影响仍然适中。最后，该模型强调海马体在意义驱动编码中相对于注意力驱动编码的作用增强。从特定角度来看，该模型的价值在于促进对当前广泛的元分析结果的整体理解。在更广泛的背景下，该模型引入了一个综合框架，将各种与编码相关的认知和神经过程整合为一个连贯统一的视角。
